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1 grex

grex, grĕgis, m. ( fem., Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 72 P.; Lucr. 2, 662; Inscr. ap. Maff. Mus. Veron. 127, 4) [Sanscr. root jar-, come together; Gr. ageirô, agora], a flock, herd, drove, swarm (cf.: armentum, jumentum, pecus).
I.
Lit., of animals:
pecudes dispulsae sui generis sequuntur greges,
Cic. Att. 7, 7, 7; cf.:
greges armentorum reliquique pecoris,
id. Phil. 3, 12, 31:
nobilissimarum equarum,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 7, § 20:
asinorum,
Varr. R. R. 2, 6, 2:
lanigeri,
Verg. G. 3, 287:
vir gregis ipse caper,
id. E. 7, 7; cf.:
dux gregis,
i. e. a bull, Ov. A. A. 1, 326:
elephantorum,
Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 5:
porcorum,
Juv. 2, 80:
pavonum,
Varr. R. R. 3, 6, 2:
anserum,
id. ib. 3, 10, 1:
anatum,
id. ib. 3, 11, 1:
avium,
Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 19.—Opp. to armenta, of small cattle:
non ego sum pastor, non hic armenta gregesve,
Ov. M. 1, 513; 4, 635; Tib. 1, 5, 28.—Prov.:
grex totus in agris Unius scabie cadit,
Juv. 2, 79. —
II.
Transf.
A.
Of a number of persons, in a good or bad sense, a company, society, troop, band, crowd.
1.
In gen.:
in hunc igitur gregem P. Sullam ex his honestissimorum hominum gregibus reicietis?
Cic. Sull. 28, 77:
amicorum,
id. Att. 1, 18, 1; cf.:
scribe tui gregis hunc,
i. e. receive him into the number of your friends, Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 13:
philosophorum,
Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42:
ille virorum (of the Fabians),
Sil. 7, 58:
Cethegus libertos suos orabat, uti grege facto cum telis ad se irrumperent,
i. e. in a body, Sall. C. 50, 2; id. J. 58, 3:
quos respexit rex grege facto venientes,
Liv. 8, 24, 13:
ne servi quidem uno grege profugiunt dominos,
i. e. all together, Curt. 10, 2, 12:
ego forsitan propter multitudinem patronorum in grege annumerer,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 32, 89:
Epicuri de grege porcus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 16:
grex contaminatus turpium virorum,
id. C. 1, 37, 9:
venalium,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 67:
indocilis,
Hor. Epod. 16, 37:
cum populum gregibus comitum premit spoliator,
Juv. 1, 46.—
2.
In partic., of players or charioteers, a company, troop, band: si voltis adplaudere hunc gregem et fabulam, Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 33; id. Cas. prol. 22; Ter. Heaut. prol. 45; id. Phorm. prol. 32; Petr. 80; Inscr. Grut. 1024, 5; Inscr. ap. Marin. Frat. Arv. p. 257.—
B.
Of things (very rare):
virgarum,
a bundle of rods, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 99.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > grex
2 propior

prŏpĭor, ĭus, gen. ōris, adj. comp., and proxĭmus, a, um, adj. sup. (v. below, II.) [from the obsol. propis; whence prope].
I.
Comp., nearer, nigher.
A.
Lit., of place:
portus propior,
Verg. A. 3, 530:
tumulus,
Liv. 22, 24:
ut propior patriae sit fuga nostra,
Ov. P. 1, 2, 130:
domus,
Sall. H. 2, 40 Dietsch:
cum propior caliginis aër Ater init oculos,
Lucr. 4, 338 (314).—With acc.:
propior montem suos collocat,
Sall. J. 49, 1:
propior hostem,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 9.—With ab:
quisquis ab igne propior stetit,
Sen. Ep. 74, 4.—With inf.:
propior timeri,
Stat. Th. 12, 223.— Neutr. plur, subst.: prŏpĭōra, um, places lying near:
propiora fluminis,
Tac. H. 5, 16:
tenere,
Verg. A. 5, 168.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, nearer, later, more recent:
veniunt inde ad propiora,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116:
venio ad propiorem (epistulam),
id. Att. 15, 3, 2:
propior puero quam juveni,
Vell. 2, 53, 1:
septimus octavo jam propior annus,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 40; id. C. 3, 15, 4:
mors,
Tib. 2, 3, 42:
propiore aut longiore tempore aliquid facere,
Dig. 23, 4, 17.—
2.
Of relationship, nearer, more nearly related; with dat.:
quibus propior P. Quintio nemo est,
Cic. Quint. 31, 97:
ille gradu propior sanguinis,
Ov. H. 3, 28; 16, 326; 20, 158:
amicus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5.—
3.
Of resemblance, more nearly resembling, more like (class.); with dat.:
quae sceleri propiora sunt, quam religioni,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112:
tauro,
Verg. G. 3, 57:
vero est propius,
more probable, Liv. 4, 37; Ov. F. 4, 801; Tac. A. 13, 34; id. G. 45:
scribere Sermoni propiora,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 42.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
propius est fidem,
is more credible, Liv. 4, 17:
quod tamen vitium propius virtutem erat,
Sall. C. 11, 1.—
4.
Of relation or connection, nearer, more nearly related, affecting or concerning more nearly, of greater import, closer, more intimate:
hunc priorem aequom'st me habere: tunica propior pallio est, proverbially,
my shirt is nearer than my coat, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 30:
propior societas eorum, qui ejusdem civitatis,
Cic. Off. 3, 17, 69:
sua sibi propiora pericula esse, quam mea,
id. Sest. 18, 40:
alium portum propiorem huic aetati videbamus,
id. Att. 14, 19, 1:
damnum propius medullis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 28:
cura propior luctusque domesticus,
Ov. M. 13, 578; id. P. 4, 9, 71:
supplemento vel Latium propius esse,
Liv. 8, 11:
irae quam timori propiorem cernens,
more inclined to anger than to fear, Tac. A. 16, 9: oderat Aenean propior Saturnia Turno, more inclined or attached to, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 7.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĭus, more nearly, nearer, closer (class.).
A.
Lit.
1.
Absol.:
propius accedamus,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 11; Ov. M. 2, 41:
res adspicere,
Verg. A. 1, 526:
propius spectare aliquid,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 67;
stare,
id. A. P. 361.—
2.
With dat., nearer to: propius grammatico accessi, Cic. ap. Diom. p. 405 P. (not elsewhere in Cic.):
propius Tiberi quam Thermopylis,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3:
propius stabulis armenta tenerent,
Verg. G. 1, 355.—
3.
With acc.:
ne propius se castra moveret,
Caes. B. G. 4, 9:
pars insulae, quae est propius solis occasum,
id. ib. 4, 28: propius aliquem accedere, id. ib. 5, 36:
propius urbem,
Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 26:
mare,
Sall. J. 18, 9.—
4.
With ab:
propius a terris,
Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87:
antiquitas quo propius aberat ab ortu et divinā progenie, hoc melius ea cernebat,
id. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:
ab Urbe,
Plin. 17, 25, 38, § 243.—
B.
Trop.:
ut propius ad ea accedam, quae a te dicta sunt,
Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24; Sen. Ira, 3, 42, 4; Cic. Part. 36, 124:
propius accedo: nego esse illa testimonia,
id. Fl. 10, 23:
a contumeliā quam a laude propius fuerit post Vitellium eligi,
Tac. H. 2, 76:
nec quicquam propius est factum, quam ut illum persequeretur,
he was within an ace of following him, Cic. Clu. 21, 59; so,
propius nihil est factum, quam ut occideretur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15.
II.
Sup.: proxĭmus (PROXVMVS and PROXSVMEIS, Tab. Bant.; late comp. proximior, Sen. Ep. 108, 16; Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.; v. below, B. 2. and 3.; cf. in adv. 2. c.), a, um, adj., the nearest, next (class.).
A.
Lit., of place:
proxima oppida,
Caes. B. G. 3, 12:
via,
Lucr. 5, 103; cf.:
via ad gloriam proxima et quasi compendiaria,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:
ad proximum mare, dein Romam pergerent,
Sall. J. 23, 2:
in proximos collis discedunt,
id. ib. 54, 10:
proximum iter in Galliam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10:
paries cum proximus ardet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84:
agri termini,
id. C. 2, 18, 23:
proximus vicinus,
one's nearest neighbor, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 138; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 49; Cic. Att. 2, 14, 2; Dig. 50, 15, 4.—With dat.:
Belgae proximi sunt Germanis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1: huic proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53:
proxima Campano ponti villula,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 45.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
qui te proximus est,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 1:
ager proximus finem Megalopolitarum,
Liv. 35, 27:
Crassus proximus mare Oceanum hiemarat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7, 2:
qui proximi forte tribunal steterant,
Liv. 8, 32, 12.—With ab, nearest to, next to:
dactylus proximus a postremo,
next before, Cic. Or. 64, 217:
ut quisque proximus ab oppresso sit,
Liv. 37, 25:
proximus a dominā,
Ov. A. A. 1, 139:
proxima regio ab eā (urbe),
Curt. 10, 5, 18. —Hence, as subst.,
1.
proxĭmus, i, m., a neighbor, a fellow-man, Val. Max. 6, 9 init.; Quint. Decl. 259.—As subst.,
2.
proxĭmum, i, n., the neighborhood, vicinity:
vicinus e proximo,
hard by, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 11:
aquam hinc de proximo rogabo,
from the house next door, id. Rud. 2, 3, 73:
cum in proximo hic sit aegra,
close by, next door, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 6:
huic locum in proximum conduxi,
Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 4:
per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,
into our neighbor's, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16.— Plur.:
traicit in proxima continentis,
Liv. 31, 46, 12.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, the next preceding or following, the previous, last, the next, the following, ensuing:
quid proximā, quid superiore nocte egeris,
Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1:
his proximis Nonis, cum in hortos Bruti venissemus,
id. Lael. 2, 7:
Gabinius quem proximis superioribus diebus acerrime oppugnasset,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 20: se proximā nocte castra moturum, on the next, i.e. the following night, Caes. B. G. 1, 40 fin.; 2, 12; 3, 18; Liv. 2, 7, 1:
proximo anno,
Sall. J. 35, 2; Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 208:
in proxumum annum (se) transtulit,
Cic. Mil. 9, 24:
proximo, altero, tertio, denique reliquis consecutis diebus,
id. Phil. 1, 13, 32:
bello tanto majore quam proximo conatu apparatum est,
Liv. 4, 23, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.: IN DIEBVS V. PROXSVMEIS QVIBVS QVISQVE EORVM MAG (istratum) INIERIT, Tab. Bantin. lin. 14; so ib. lin. 12; Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; id. Att. 11, 11, 1:
censor qui proximus ante me fuerat,
id. Sen. 12, 42: die proximi, old abl. form for proximo, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 24, 10, and ap. Non. 153, 11; cf.:
crastinus, pristinus, etc., but proximo a. d. VI. Kal. Octobr.,
recently, last of all, Cic. Att. 18, 5.—
2.
In order of succession, rank, estimation, worth, etc., the next:
summa necessitudo videtur esse honestatis: huic proxima incolumitatis: tertia ac levissima commoditatis,
Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 173:
observat L. Domitium maxime, me habet proximum,
id. Att. 1, 1, 3:
proximos dentes eiciunt,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2:
prima vulnera... Proxima,
Ov. M. 3, 233:
proximos illi tamen occupavit Pallas honores,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 19: proximum est, ut, it follows that, remains that, the next point is: proximum est ergo, ut, opus fuerit classe necne quaeramus, we must next inquire, Cic. Fl. 12, 27:
proximum est, ut doceam, deorum providentiā mundum administrari,
id. N. D. 2, 29, 73.—Of value or quality, the next, most nearly approaching, most like or similar:
id habendum est antiquissimum et deo proximum, quod est optimum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
ficta voluptatis causā sint proxima veris,
Hor. A. P. 338:
proxima Phoebi Versibus ille facit,
Verg. E. 7, 22.— Comp.:
ut quorum abstinentiam interrupi, modum servem et quidem abstinentiae proximiorem,
Sen. Ep. 108, 16.—
3.
In relationship, connection, or resemblance, the nearest, next, most nearly or closely related, next of kin, most like:
AGNATVS PROXIMVS, Fragm. XII. Tabularum: hic illi genere est proximus,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 17:
proximus cognatione,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 144:
id des proximum,
id. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
proxima virtutibus vitia,
Quint. 10, 2, 16:
propinquitate,
Nep. Ages. 1, 3:
proximae necessitudines,
Petr. 116.— Comp.: si quis proximior cognatus nasceretur, Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.— Subst.: proxĭmi, ōrum, m., one's nearest relatives, next of kin:
injuriosi sunt in proximos,
Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44; Caes. Fragm. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 6; Phaedr. 5, 1, 16:
cum haec omnia cumulate tuis proximis plana fecero,
i.e. to your friends, intimates, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 64, § 165; id. Pis. 32, 79; Gell. 3, 8, 3.—
b.
In gen., one's neighbor, fellow-man:
sive nostros status, sive proximorum ingenia contemplamur,
Val. Max. 6, 9, 1; Quint. Decl. 2, 59:
quis est mihi proximus?
Aug. in Psa. 118; Serm. 8, 2; 90, 7 init. —
4.
That is nearest at hand, i. e. apt, fit, suitable, convenient, easy (anteand post-class.):
argumentum,
App. Mag. p. 278:
cum obvium proximumque esset dicere, etc.,
Gell. 3, 14, 12: eamus ad me;
ibi proximum est, ubi mutes,
there is the fittest, most convenient place, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64.— Adv.: proxĭmē (proxume; comp. proximius, v. below, 2. c.), nearest, very near, next.
1.
Lit., of place, with dat. (not in Cic., rare in Livy):
quam proxime potest hostium castris castra communit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.; Liv. 25, 14, 4.—With acc.:
exercitum habere quam proxime hostem,
Cic. Att. 6, 5, 3:
proxime Pompeium sedebam,
id. ib. 1, 14, 3:
proxime Hispaniam Mauri sunt,
Sall. J. 19, 4.—With ab:
a Surā proxime est Philiscum oppidum Parthorum,
Plin. 5, 26, 21, § 89:
omnes tamen quam proxime alter ab altero debent habitare,
Col. 1, 6, 8.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time, shortly before or after, last, next:
civitates quae proxime bellum fecerant,
Caes. B. G. 3, 29:
Tito fratre suo censore, qui proximus ante me fuerat,
Cic. Sen. 12, 42; id. Part. 39, 137; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 3:
cum proxime judices contrahentur,
id. ib. 5, 7, 3.—With acc.:
proxime abstinentiam sumendus est cibus exiguus,
Cels. 3, 2:
proxime solis occasum,
Pall. 9, 8, 5.—
b.
Of order, rank, estimation, condition, etc., next to, next after, next:
proxime et secundum deos homines hominibus maxime utiles esse possunt,
Cic. Off. 2, 3, 1:
me huic tuae virtuti proxime accedere,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 4:
proxime a nobilissimis viris,
Vell. 2, 124, 4; id. 2, 127, 1:
proxime valent cetera lauri genera,
Plin. 23, 8, 80, § 158: utilissimum esse omphacium;
proxime viride,
id. 23, 4, 39, § 79.—With acc.: esse etiam debent proxime hos cari, qui, etc., Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 2:
proxime morem Romanum,
closely following the Roman method, Liv. 24, 48, 11:
erat res minime certamini navali similis, proxime speciem muros oppugnantium navium,
closely resembling, id. 30, 10.—In this sense also with atque:
proxime atque ille aut aeque,
nearly the same as he, Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 2.—
c.
Very closely, nicely, accurately:
ut proxime utriusque differentiam signem,
Quint. 6, 2, 20 Spald.; cf.:
analogia, quam proxime ex Graeco transferentes in Latinum proportionem vocaverunt,
id. 1, 6, 3. — Comp.:
nonne apertius, proximius, verius?
Min. Fel. Oct. 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > propior
3 propiora

prŏpĭor, ĭus, gen. ōris, adj. comp., and proxĭmus, a, um, adj. sup. (v. below, II.) [from the obsol. propis; whence prope].
I.
Comp., nearer, nigher.
A.
Lit., of place:
portus propior,
Verg. A. 3, 530:
tumulus,
Liv. 22, 24:
ut propior patriae sit fuga nostra,
Ov. P. 1, 2, 130:
domus,
Sall. H. 2, 40 Dietsch:
cum propior caliginis aër Ater init oculos,
Lucr. 4, 338 (314).—With acc.:
propior montem suos collocat,
Sall. J. 49, 1:
propior hostem,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 9.—With ab:
quisquis ab igne propior stetit,
Sen. Ep. 74, 4.—With inf.:
propior timeri,
Stat. Th. 12, 223.— Neutr. plur, subst.: prŏpĭōra, um, places lying near:
propiora fluminis,
Tac. H. 5, 16:
tenere,
Verg. A. 5, 168.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, nearer, later, more recent:
veniunt inde ad propiora,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116:
venio ad propiorem (epistulam),
id. Att. 15, 3, 2:
propior puero quam juveni,
Vell. 2, 53, 1:
septimus octavo jam propior annus,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 40; id. C. 3, 15, 4:
mors,
Tib. 2, 3, 42:
propiore aut longiore tempore aliquid facere,
Dig. 23, 4, 17.—
2.
Of relationship, nearer, more nearly related; with dat.:
quibus propior P. Quintio nemo est,
Cic. Quint. 31, 97:
ille gradu propior sanguinis,
Ov. H. 3, 28; 16, 326; 20, 158:
amicus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5.—
3.
Of resemblance, more nearly resembling, more like (class.); with dat.:
quae sceleri propiora sunt, quam religioni,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112:
tauro,
Verg. G. 3, 57:
vero est propius,
more probable, Liv. 4, 37; Ov. F. 4, 801; Tac. A. 13, 34; id. G. 45:
scribere Sermoni propiora,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 42.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
propius est fidem,
is more credible, Liv. 4, 17:
quod tamen vitium propius virtutem erat,
Sall. C. 11, 1.—
4.
Of relation or connection, nearer, more nearly related, affecting or concerning more nearly, of greater import, closer, more intimate:
hunc priorem aequom'st me habere: tunica propior pallio est, proverbially,
my shirt is nearer than my coat, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 30:
propior societas eorum, qui ejusdem civitatis,
Cic. Off. 3, 17, 69:
sua sibi propiora pericula esse, quam mea,
id. Sest. 18, 40:
alium portum propiorem huic aetati videbamus,
id. Att. 14, 19, 1:
damnum propius medullis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 28:
cura propior luctusque domesticus,
Ov. M. 13, 578; id. P. 4, 9, 71:
supplemento vel Latium propius esse,
Liv. 8, 11:
irae quam timori propiorem cernens,
more inclined to anger than to fear, Tac. A. 16, 9: oderat Aenean propior Saturnia Turno, more inclined or attached to, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 7.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĭus, more nearly, nearer, closer (class.).
A.
Lit.
1.
Absol.:
propius accedamus,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 11; Ov. M. 2, 41:
res adspicere,
Verg. A. 1, 526:
propius spectare aliquid,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 67;
stare,
id. A. P. 361.—
2.
With dat., nearer to: propius grammatico accessi, Cic. ap. Diom. p. 405 P. (not elsewhere in Cic.):
propius Tiberi quam Thermopylis,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3:
propius stabulis armenta tenerent,
Verg. G. 1, 355.—
3.
With acc.:
ne propius se castra moveret,
Caes. B. G. 4, 9:
pars insulae, quae est propius solis occasum,
id. ib. 4, 28: propius aliquem accedere, id. ib. 5, 36:
propius urbem,
Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 26:
mare,
Sall. J. 18, 9.—
4.
With ab:
propius a terris,
Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87:
antiquitas quo propius aberat ab ortu et divinā progenie, hoc melius ea cernebat,
id. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:
ab Urbe,
Plin. 17, 25, 38, § 243.—
B.
Trop.:
ut propius ad ea accedam, quae a te dicta sunt,
Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24; Sen. Ira, 3, 42, 4; Cic. Part. 36, 124:
propius accedo: nego esse illa testimonia,
id. Fl. 10, 23:
a contumeliā quam a laude propius fuerit post Vitellium eligi,
Tac. H. 2, 76:
nec quicquam propius est factum, quam ut illum persequeretur,
he was within an ace of following him, Cic. Clu. 21, 59; so,
propius nihil est factum, quam ut occideretur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15.
II.
Sup.: proxĭmus (PROXVMVS and PROXSVMEIS, Tab. Bant.; late comp. proximior, Sen. Ep. 108, 16; Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.; v. below, B. 2. and 3.; cf. in adv. 2. c.), a, um, adj., the nearest, next (class.).
A.
Lit., of place:
proxima oppida,
Caes. B. G. 3, 12:
via,
Lucr. 5, 103; cf.:
via ad gloriam proxima et quasi compendiaria,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:
ad proximum mare, dein Romam pergerent,
Sall. J. 23, 2:
in proximos collis discedunt,
id. ib. 54, 10:
proximum iter in Galliam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10:
paries cum proximus ardet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84:
agri termini,
id. C. 2, 18, 23:
proximus vicinus,
one's nearest neighbor, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 138; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 49; Cic. Att. 2, 14, 2; Dig. 50, 15, 4.—With dat.:
Belgae proximi sunt Germanis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1: huic proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53:
proxima Campano ponti villula,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 45.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
qui te proximus est,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 1:
ager proximus finem Megalopolitarum,
Liv. 35, 27:
Crassus proximus mare Oceanum hiemarat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7, 2:
qui proximi forte tribunal steterant,
Liv. 8, 32, 12.—With ab, nearest to, next to:
dactylus proximus a postremo,
next before, Cic. Or. 64, 217:
ut quisque proximus ab oppresso sit,
Liv. 37, 25:
proximus a dominā,
Ov. A. A. 1, 139:
proxima regio ab eā (urbe),
Curt. 10, 5, 18. —Hence, as subst.,
1.
proxĭmus, i, m., a neighbor, a fellow-man, Val. Max. 6, 9 init.; Quint. Decl. 259.—As subst.,
2.
proxĭmum, i, n., the neighborhood, vicinity:
vicinus e proximo,
hard by, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 11:
aquam hinc de proximo rogabo,
from the house next door, id. Rud. 2, 3, 73:
cum in proximo hic sit aegra,
close by, next door, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 6:
huic locum in proximum conduxi,
Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 4:
per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,
into our neighbor's, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16.— Plur.:
traicit in proxima continentis,
Liv. 31, 46, 12.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, the next preceding or following, the previous, last, the next, the following, ensuing:
quid proximā, quid superiore nocte egeris,
Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1:
his proximis Nonis, cum in hortos Bruti venissemus,
id. Lael. 2, 7:
Gabinius quem proximis superioribus diebus acerrime oppugnasset,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 20: se proximā nocte castra moturum, on the next, i.e. the following night, Caes. B. G. 1, 40 fin.; 2, 12; 3, 18; Liv. 2, 7, 1:
proximo anno,
Sall. J. 35, 2; Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 208:
in proxumum annum (se) transtulit,
Cic. Mil. 9, 24:
proximo, altero, tertio, denique reliquis consecutis diebus,
id. Phil. 1, 13, 32:
bello tanto majore quam proximo conatu apparatum est,
Liv. 4, 23, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.: IN DIEBVS V. PROXSVMEIS QVIBVS QVISQVE EORVM MAG (istratum) INIERIT, Tab. Bantin. lin. 14; so ib. lin. 12; Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; id. Att. 11, 11, 1:
censor qui proximus ante me fuerat,
id. Sen. 12, 42: die proximi, old abl. form for proximo, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 24, 10, and ap. Non. 153, 11; cf.:
crastinus, pristinus, etc., but proximo a. d. VI. Kal. Octobr.,
recently, last of all, Cic. Att. 18, 5.—
2.
In order of succession, rank, estimation, worth, etc., the next:
summa necessitudo videtur esse honestatis: huic proxima incolumitatis: tertia ac levissima commoditatis,
Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 173:
observat L. Domitium maxime, me habet proximum,
id. Att. 1, 1, 3:
proximos dentes eiciunt,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2:
prima vulnera... Proxima,
Ov. M. 3, 233:
proximos illi tamen occupavit Pallas honores,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 19: proximum est, ut, it follows that, remains that, the next point is: proximum est ergo, ut, opus fuerit classe necne quaeramus, we must next inquire, Cic. Fl. 12, 27:
proximum est, ut doceam, deorum providentiā mundum administrari,
id. N. D. 2, 29, 73.—Of value or quality, the next, most nearly approaching, most like or similar:
id habendum est antiquissimum et deo proximum, quod est optimum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
ficta voluptatis causā sint proxima veris,
Hor. A. P. 338:
proxima Phoebi Versibus ille facit,
Verg. E. 7, 22.— Comp.:
ut quorum abstinentiam interrupi, modum servem et quidem abstinentiae proximiorem,
Sen. Ep. 108, 16.—
3.
In relationship, connection, or resemblance, the nearest, next, most nearly or closely related, next of kin, most like:
AGNATVS PROXIMVS, Fragm. XII. Tabularum: hic illi genere est proximus,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 17:
proximus cognatione,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 144:
id des proximum,
id. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
proxima virtutibus vitia,
Quint. 10, 2, 16:
propinquitate,
Nep. Ages. 1, 3:
proximae necessitudines,
Petr. 116.— Comp.: si quis proximior cognatus nasceretur, Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.— Subst.: proxĭmi, ōrum, m., one's nearest relatives, next of kin:
injuriosi sunt in proximos,
Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44; Caes. Fragm. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 6; Phaedr. 5, 1, 16:
cum haec omnia cumulate tuis proximis plana fecero,
i.e. to your friends, intimates, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 64, § 165; id. Pis. 32, 79; Gell. 3, 8, 3.—
b.
In gen., one's neighbor, fellow-man:
sive nostros status, sive proximorum ingenia contemplamur,
Val. Max. 6, 9, 1; Quint. Decl. 2, 59:
quis est mihi proximus?
Aug. in Psa. 118; Serm. 8, 2; 90, 7 init. —
4.
That is nearest at hand, i. e. apt, fit, suitable, convenient, easy (anteand post-class.):
argumentum,
App. Mag. p. 278:
cum obvium proximumque esset dicere, etc.,
Gell. 3, 14, 12: eamus ad me;
ibi proximum est, ubi mutes,
there is the fittest, most convenient place, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64.— Adv.: proxĭmē (proxume; comp. proximius, v. below, 2. c.), nearest, very near, next.
1.
Lit., of place, with dat. (not in Cic., rare in Livy):
quam proxime potest hostium castris castra communit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.; Liv. 25, 14, 4.—With acc.:
exercitum habere quam proxime hostem,
Cic. Att. 6, 5, 3:
proxime Pompeium sedebam,
id. ib. 1, 14, 3:
proxime Hispaniam Mauri sunt,
Sall. J. 19, 4.—With ab:
a Surā proxime est Philiscum oppidum Parthorum,
Plin. 5, 26, 21, § 89:
omnes tamen quam proxime alter ab altero debent habitare,
Col. 1, 6, 8.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time, shortly before or after, last, next:
civitates quae proxime bellum fecerant,
Caes. B. G. 3, 29:
Tito fratre suo censore, qui proximus ante me fuerat,
Cic. Sen. 12, 42; id. Part. 39, 137; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 3:
cum proxime judices contrahentur,
id. ib. 5, 7, 3.—With acc.:
proxime abstinentiam sumendus est cibus exiguus,
Cels. 3, 2:
proxime solis occasum,
Pall. 9, 8, 5.—
b.
Of order, rank, estimation, condition, etc., next to, next after, next:
proxime et secundum deos homines hominibus maxime utiles esse possunt,
Cic. Off. 2, 3, 1:
me huic tuae virtuti proxime accedere,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 4:
proxime a nobilissimis viris,
Vell. 2, 124, 4; id. 2, 127, 1:
proxime valent cetera lauri genera,
Plin. 23, 8, 80, § 158: utilissimum esse omphacium;
proxime viride,
id. 23, 4, 39, § 79.—With acc.: esse etiam debent proxime hos cari, qui, etc., Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 2:
proxime morem Romanum,
closely following the Roman method, Liv. 24, 48, 11:
erat res minime certamini navali similis, proxime speciem muros oppugnantium navium,
closely resembling, id. 30, 10.—In this sense also with atque:
proxime atque ille aut aeque,
nearly the same as he, Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 2.—
c.
Very closely, nicely, accurately:
ut proxime utriusque differentiam signem,
Quint. 6, 2, 20 Spald.; cf.:
analogia, quam proxime ex Graeco transferentes in Latinum proportionem vocaverunt,
id. 1, 6, 3. — Comp.:
nonne apertius, proximius, verius?
Min. Fel. Oct. 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > propiora
4 proximi

prŏpĭor, ĭus, gen. ōris, adj. comp., and proxĭmus, a, um, adj. sup. (v. below, II.) [from the obsol. propis; whence prope].
I.
Comp., nearer, nigher.
A.
Lit., of place:
portus propior,
Verg. A. 3, 530:
tumulus,
Liv. 22, 24:
ut propior patriae sit fuga nostra,
Ov. P. 1, 2, 130:
domus,
Sall. H. 2, 40 Dietsch:
cum propior caliginis aër Ater init oculos,
Lucr. 4, 338 (314).—With acc.:
propior montem suos collocat,
Sall. J. 49, 1:
propior hostem,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 9.—With ab:
quisquis ab igne propior stetit,
Sen. Ep. 74, 4.—With inf.:
propior timeri,
Stat. Th. 12, 223.— Neutr. plur, subst.: prŏpĭōra, um, places lying near:
propiora fluminis,
Tac. H. 5, 16:
tenere,
Verg. A. 5, 168.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, nearer, later, more recent:
veniunt inde ad propiora,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116:
venio ad propiorem (epistulam),
id. Att. 15, 3, 2:
propior puero quam juveni,
Vell. 2, 53, 1:
septimus octavo jam propior annus,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 40; id. C. 3, 15, 4:
mors,
Tib. 2, 3, 42:
propiore aut longiore tempore aliquid facere,
Dig. 23, 4, 17.—
2.
Of relationship, nearer, more nearly related; with dat.:
quibus propior P. Quintio nemo est,
Cic. Quint. 31, 97:
ille gradu propior sanguinis,
Ov. H. 3, 28; 16, 326; 20, 158:
amicus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5.—
3.
Of resemblance, more nearly resembling, more like (class.); with dat.:
quae sceleri propiora sunt, quam religioni,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112:
tauro,
Verg. G. 3, 57:
vero est propius,
more probable, Liv. 4, 37; Ov. F. 4, 801; Tac. A. 13, 34; id. G. 45:
scribere Sermoni propiora,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 42.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
propius est fidem,
is more credible, Liv. 4, 17:
quod tamen vitium propius virtutem erat,
Sall. C. 11, 1.—
4.
Of relation or connection, nearer, more nearly related, affecting or concerning more nearly, of greater import, closer, more intimate:
hunc priorem aequom'st me habere: tunica propior pallio est, proverbially,
my shirt is nearer than my coat, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 30:
propior societas eorum, qui ejusdem civitatis,
Cic. Off. 3, 17, 69:
sua sibi propiora pericula esse, quam mea,
id. Sest. 18, 40:
alium portum propiorem huic aetati videbamus,
id. Att. 14, 19, 1:
damnum propius medullis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 28:
cura propior luctusque domesticus,
Ov. M. 13, 578; id. P. 4, 9, 71:
supplemento vel Latium propius esse,
Liv. 8, 11:
irae quam timori propiorem cernens,
more inclined to anger than to fear, Tac. A. 16, 9: oderat Aenean propior Saturnia Turno, more inclined or attached to, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 7.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĭus, more nearly, nearer, closer (class.).
A.
Lit.
1.
Absol.:
propius accedamus,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 11; Ov. M. 2, 41:
res adspicere,
Verg. A. 1, 526:
propius spectare aliquid,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 67;
stare,
id. A. P. 361.—
2.
With dat., nearer to: propius grammatico accessi, Cic. ap. Diom. p. 405 P. (not elsewhere in Cic.):
propius Tiberi quam Thermopylis,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3:
propius stabulis armenta tenerent,
Verg. G. 1, 355.—
3.
With acc.:
ne propius se castra moveret,
Caes. B. G. 4, 9:
pars insulae, quae est propius solis occasum,
id. ib. 4, 28: propius aliquem accedere, id. ib. 5, 36:
propius urbem,
Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 26:
mare,
Sall. J. 18, 9.—
4.
With ab:
propius a terris,
Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87:
antiquitas quo propius aberat ab ortu et divinā progenie, hoc melius ea cernebat,
id. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:
ab Urbe,
Plin. 17, 25, 38, § 243.—
B.
Trop.:
ut propius ad ea accedam, quae a te dicta sunt,
Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24; Sen. Ira, 3, 42, 4; Cic. Part. 36, 124:
propius accedo: nego esse illa testimonia,
id. Fl. 10, 23:
a contumeliā quam a laude propius fuerit post Vitellium eligi,
Tac. H. 2, 76:
nec quicquam propius est factum, quam ut illum persequeretur,
he was within an ace of following him, Cic. Clu. 21, 59; so,
propius nihil est factum, quam ut occideretur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15.
II.
Sup.: proxĭmus (PROXVMVS and PROXSVMEIS, Tab. Bant.; late comp. proximior, Sen. Ep. 108, 16; Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.; v. below, B. 2. and 3.; cf. in adv. 2. c.), a, um, adj., the nearest, next (class.).
A.
Lit., of place:
proxima oppida,
Caes. B. G. 3, 12:
via,
Lucr. 5, 103; cf.:
via ad gloriam proxima et quasi compendiaria,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:
ad proximum mare, dein Romam pergerent,
Sall. J. 23, 2:
in proximos collis discedunt,
id. ib. 54, 10:
proximum iter in Galliam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10:
paries cum proximus ardet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84:
agri termini,
id. C. 2, 18, 23:
proximus vicinus,
one's nearest neighbor, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 138; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 49; Cic. Att. 2, 14, 2; Dig. 50, 15, 4.—With dat.:
Belgae proximi sunt Germanis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1: huic proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53:
proxima Campano ponti villula,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 45.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
qui te proximus est,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 1:
ager proximus finem Megalopolitarum,
Liv. 35, 27:
Crassus proximus mare Oceanum hiemarat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7, 2:
qui proximi forte tribunal steterant,
Liv. 8, 32, 12.—With ab, nearest to, next to:
dactylus proximus a postremo,
next before, Cic. Or. 64, 217:
ut quisque proximus ab oppresso sit,
Liv. 37, 25:
proximus a dominā,
Ov. A. A. 1, 139:
proxima regio ab eā (urbe),
Curt. 10, 5, 18. —Hence, as subst.,
1.
proxĭmus, i, m., a neighbor, a fellow-man, Val. Max. 6, 9 init.; Quint. Decl. 259.—As subst.,
2.
proxĭmum, i, n., the neighborhood, vicinity:
vicinus e proximo,
hard by, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 11:
aquam hinc de proximo rogabo,
from the house next door, id. Rud. 2, 3, 73:
cum in proximo hic sit aegra,
close by, next door, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 6:
huic locum in proximum conduxi,
Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 4:
per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,
into our neighbor's, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16.— Plur.:
traicit in proxima continentis,
Liv. 31, 46, 12.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, the next preceding or following, the previous, last, the next, the following, ensuing:
quid proximā, quid superiore nocte egeris,
Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1:
his proximis Nonis, cum in hortos Bruti venissemus,
id. Lael. 2, 7:
Gabinius quem proximis superioribus diebus acerrime oppugnasset,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 20: se proximā nocte castra moturum, on the next, i.e. the following night, Caes. B. G. 1, 40 fin.; 2, 12; 3, 18; Liv. 2, 7, 1:
proximo anno,
Sall. J. 35, 2; Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 208:
in proxumum annum (se) transtulit,
Cic. Mil. 9, 24:
proximo, altero, tertio, denique reliquis consecutis diebus,
id. Phil. 1, 13, 32:
bello tanto majore quam proximo conatu apparatum est,
Liv. 4, 23, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.: IN DIEBVS V. PROXSVMEIS QVIBVS QVISQVE EORVM MAG (istratum) INIERIT, Tab. Bantin. lin. 14; so ib. lin. 12; Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; id. Att. 11, 11, 1:
censor qui proximus ante me fuerat,
id. Sen. 12, 42: die proximi, old abl. form for proximo, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 24, 10, and ap. Non. 153, 11; cf.:
crastinus, pristinus, etc., but proximo a. d. VI. Kal. Octobr.,
recently, last of all, Cic. Att. 18, 5.—
2.
In order of succession, rank, estimation, worth, etc., the next:
summa necessitudo videtur esse honestatis: huic proxima incolumitatis: tertia ac levissima commoditatis,
Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 173:
observat L. Domitium maxime, me habet proximum,
id. Att. 1, 1, 3:
proximos dentes eiciunt,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2:
prima vulnera... Proxima,
Ov. M. 3, 233:
proximos illi tamen occupavit Pallas honores,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 19: proximum est, ut, it follows that, remains that, the next point is: proximum est ergo, ut, opus fuerit classe necne quaeramus, we must next inquire, Cic. Fl. 12, 27:
proximum est, ut doceam, deorum providentiā mundum administrari,
id. N. D. 2, 29, 73.—Of value or quality, the next, most nearly approaching, most like or similar:
id habendum est antiquissimum et deo proximum, quod est optimum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
ficta voluptatis causā sint proxima veris,
Hor. A. P. 338:
proxima Phoebi Versibus ille facit,
Verg. E. 7, 22.— Comp.:
ut quorum abstinentiam interrupi, modum servem et quidem abstinentiae proximiorem,
Sen. Ep. 108, 16.—
3.
In relationship, connection, or resemblance, the nearest, next, most nearly or closely related, next of kin, most like:
AGNATVS PROXIMVS, Fragm. XII. Tabularum: hic illi genere est proximus,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 17:
proximus cognatione,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 144:
id des proximum,
id. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
proxima virtutibus vitia,
Quint. 10, 2, 16:
propinquitate,
Nep. Ages. 1, 3:
proximae necessitudines,
Petr. 116.— Comp.: si quis proximior cognatus nasceretur, Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.— Subst.: proxĭmi, ōrum, m., one's nearest relatives, next of kin:
injuriosi sunt in proximos,
Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44; Caes. Fragm. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 6; Phaedr. 5, 1, 16:
cum haec omnia cumulate tuis proximis plana fecero,
i.e. to your friends, intimates, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 64, § 165; id. Pis. 32, 79; Gell. 3, 8, 3.—
b.
In gen., one's neighbor, fellow-man:
sive nostros status, sive proximorum ingenia contemplamur,
Val. Max. 6, 9, 1; Quint. Decl. 2, 59:
quis est mihi proximus?
Aug. in Psa. 118; Serm. 8, 2; 90, 7 init. —
4.
That is nearest at hand, i. e. apt, fit, suitable, convenient, easy (anteand post-class.):
argumentum,
App. Mag. p. 278:
cum obvium proximumque esset dicere, etc.,
Gell. 3, 14, 12: eamus ad me;
ibi proximum est, ubi mutes,
there is the fittest, most convenient place, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64.— Adv.: proxĭmē (proxume; comp. proximius, v. below, 2. c.), nearest, very near, next.
1.
Lit., of place, with dat. (not in Cic., rare in Livy):
quam proxime potest hostium castris castra communit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.; Liv. 25, 14, 4.—With acc.:
exercitum habere quam proxime hostem,
Cic. Att. 6, 5, 3:
proxime Pompeium sedebam,
id. ib. 1, 14, 3:
proxime Hispaniam Mauri sunt,
Sall. J. 19, 4.—With ab:
a Surā proxime est Philiscum oppidum Parthorum,
Plin. 5, 26, 21, § 89:
omnes tamen quam proxime alter ab altero debent habitare,
Col. 1, 6, 8.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time, shortly before or after, last, next:
civitates quae proxime bellum fecerant,
Caes. B. G. 3, 29:
Tito fratre suo censore, qui proximus ante me fuerat,
Cic. Sen. 12, 42; id. Part. 39, 137; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 3:
cum proxime judices contrahentur,
id. ib. 5, 7, 3.—With acc.:
proxime abstinentiam sumendus est cibus exiguus,
Cels. 3, 2:
proxime solis occasum,
Pall. 9, 8, 5.—
b.
Of order, rank, estimation, condition, etc., next to, next after, next:
proxime et secundum deos homines hominibus maxime utiles esse possunt,
Cic. Off. 2, 3, 1:
me huic tuae virtuti proxime accedere,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 4:
proxime a nobilissimis viris,
Vell. 2, 124, 4; id. 2, 127, 1:
proxime valent cetera lauri genera,
Plin. 23, 8, 80, § 158: utilissimum esse omphacium;
proxime viride,
id. 23, 4, 39, § 79.—With acc.: esse etiam debent proxime hos cari, qui, etc., Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 2:
proxime morem Romanum,
closely following the Roman method, Liv. 24, 48, 11:
erat res minime certamini navali similis, proxime speciem muros oppugnantium navium,
closely resembling, id. 30, 10.—In this sense also with atque:
proxime atque ille aut aeque,
nearly the same as he, Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 2.—
c.
Very closely, nicely, accurately:
ut proxime utriusque differentiam signem,
Quint. 6, 2, 20 Spald.; cf.:
analogia, quam proxime ex Graeco transferentes in Latinum proportionem vocaverunt,
id. 1, 6, 3. — Comp.:
nonne apertius, proximius, verius?
Min. Fel. Oct. 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > proximi
5 proximum

prŏpĭor, ĭus, gen. ōris, adj. comp., and proxĭmus, a, um, adj. sup. (v. below, II.) [from the obsol. propis; whence prope].
I.
Comp., nearer, nigher.
A.
Lit., of place:
portus propior,
Verg. A. 3, 530:
tumulus,
Liv. 22, 24:
ut propior patriae sit fuga nostra,
Ov. P. 1, 2, 130:
domus,
Sall. H. 2, 40 Dietsch:
cum propior caliginis aër Ater init oculos,
Lucr. 4, 338 (314).—With acc.:
propior montem suos collocat,
Sall. J. 49, 1:
propior hostem,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 9.—With ab:
quisquis ab igne propior stetit,
Sen. Ep. 74, 4.—With inf.:
propior timeri,
Stat. Th. 12, 223.— Neutr. plur, subst.: prŏpĭōra, um, places lying near:
propiora fluminis,
Tac. H. 5, 16:
tenere,
Verg. A. 5, 168.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, nearer, later, more recent:
veniunt inde ad propiora,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 116:
venio ad propiorem (epistulam),
id. Att. 15, 3, 2:
propior puero quam juveni,
Vell. 2, 53, 1:
septimus octavo jam propior annus,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 40; id. C. 3, 15, 4:
mors,
Tib. 2, 3, 42:
propiore aut longiore tempore aliquid facere,
Dig. 23, 4, 17.—
2.
Of relationship, nearer, more nearly related; with dat.:
quibus propior P. Quintio nemo est,
Cic. Quint. 31, 97:
ille gradu propior sanguinis,
Ov. H. 3, 28; 16, 326; 20, 158:
amicus,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5.—
3.
Of resemblance, more nearly resembling, more like (class.); with dat.:
quae sceleri propiora sunt, quam religioni,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50, § 112:
tauro,
Verg. G. 3, 57:
vero est propius,
more probable, Liv. 4, 37; Ov. F. 4, 801; Tac. A. 13, 34; id. G. 45:
scribere Sermoni propiora,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 42.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
propius est fidem,
is more credible, Liv. 4, 17:
quod tamen vitium propius virtutem erat,
Sall. C. 11, 1.—
4.
Of relation or connection, nearer, more nearly related, affecting or concerning more nearly, of greater import, closer, more intimate:
hunc priorem aequom'st me habere: tunica propior pallio est, proverbially,
my shirt is nearer than my coat, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 30:
propior societas eorum, qui ejusdem civitatis,
Cic. Off. 3, 17, 69:
sua sibi propiora pericula esse, quam mea,
id. Sest. 18, 40:
alium portum propiorem huic aetati videbamus,
id. Att. 14, 19, 1:
damnum propius medullis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 28:
cura propior luctusque domesticus,
Ov. M. 13, 578; id. P. 4, 9, 71:
supplemento vel Latium propius esse,
Liv. 8, 11:
irae quam timori propiorem cernens,
more inclined to anger than to fear, Tac. A. 16, 9: oderat Aenean propior Saturnia Turno, more inclined or attached to, Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 7.—Hence, adv.: prŏpĭus, more nearly, nearer, closer (class.).
A.
Lit.
1.
Absol.:
propius accedamus,
Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 11; Ov. M. 2, 41:
res adspicere,
Verg. A. 1, 526:
propius spectare aliquid,
Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 67;
stare,
id. A. P. 361.—
2.
With dat., nearer to: propius grammatico accessi, Cic. ap. Diom. p. 405 P. (not elsewhere in Cic.):
propius Tiberi quam Thermopylis,
Nep. Hann. 8, 3:
propius stabulis armenta tenerent,
Verg. G. 1, 355.—
3.
With acc.:
ne propius se castra moveret,
Caes. B. G. 4, 9:
pars insulae, quae est propius solis occasum,
id. ib. 4, 28: propius aliquem accedere, id. ib. 5, 36:
propius urbem,
Cic. Phil. 7, 9, 26:
mare,
Sall. J. 18, 9.—
4.
With ab:
propius a terris,
Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 87:
antiquitas quo propius aberat ab ortu et divinā progenie, hoc melius ea cernebat,
id. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:
ab Urbe,
Plin. 17, 25, 38, § 243.—
B.
Trop.:
ut propius ad ea accedam, quae a te dicta sunt,
Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24; Sen. Ira, 3, 42, 4; Cic. Part. 36, 124:
propius accedo: nego esse illa testimonia,
id. Fl. 10, 23:
a contumeliā quam a laude propius fuerit post Vitellium eligi,
Tac. H. 2, 76:
nec quicquam propius est factum, quam ut illum persequeretur,
he was within an ace of following him, Cic. Clu. 21, 59; so,
propius nihil est factum, quam ut occideretur,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5, § 15.
II.
Sup.: proxĭmus (PROXVMVS and PROXSVMEIS, Tab. Bant.; late comp. proximior, Sen. Ep. 108, 16; Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.; v. below, B. 2. and 3.; cf. in adv. 2. c.), a, um, adj., the nearest, next (class.).
A.
Lit., of place:
proxima oppida,
Caes. B. G. 3, 12:
via,
Lucr. 5, 103; cf.:
via ad gloriam proxima et quasi compendiaria,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:
ad proximum mare, dein Romam pergerent,
Sall. J. 23, 2:
in proximos collis discedunt,
id. ib. 54, 10:
proximum iter in Galliam,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10:
paries cum proximus ardet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 84:
agri termini,
id. C. 2, 18, 23:
proximus vicinus,
one's nearest neighbor, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 138; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 49; Cic. Att. 2, 14, 2; Dig. 50, 15, 4.—With dat.:
Belgae proximi sunt Germanis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1: huic proximum inferiorem orbem tenet puroeis, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 53:
proxima Campano ponti villula,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 45.—With acc. (not in Cic.):
qui te proximus est,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 1:
ager proximus finem Megalopolitarum,
Liv. 35, 27:
Crassus proximus mare Oceanum hiemarat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7, 2:
qui proximi forte tribunal steterant,
Liv. 8, 32, 12.—With ab, nearest to, next to:
dactylus proximus a postremo,
next before, Cic. Or. 64, 217:
ut quisque proximus ab oppresso sit,
Liv. 37, 25:
proximus a dominā,
Ov. A. A. 1, 139:
proxima regio ab eā (urbe),
Curt. 10, 5, 18. —Hence, as subst.,
1.
proxĭmus, i, m., a neighbor, a fellow-man, Val. Max. 6, 9 init.; Quint. Decl. 259.—As subst.,
2.
proxĭmum, i, n., the neighborhood, vicinity:
vicinus e proximo,
hard by, Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 11:
aquam hinc de proximo rogabo,
from the house next door, id. Rud. 2, 3, 73:
cum in proximo hic sit aegra,
close by, next door, Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 6:
huic locum in proximum conduxi,
Cic. Fil. Fam. 16, 21, 4:
per impluvium huc despexi in proximum,
into our neighbor's, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 16.— Plur.:
traicit in proxima continentis,
Liv. 31, 46, 12.—
B.
Trop.
1.
Of time, the next preceding or following, the previous, last, the next, the following, ensuing:
quid proximā, quid superiore nocte egeris,
Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 1:
his proximis Nonis, cum in hortos Bruti venissemus,
id. Lael. 2, 7:
Gabinius quem proximis superioribus diebus acerrime oppugnasset,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 20: se proximā nocte castra moturum, on the next, i.e. the following night, Caes. B. G. 1, 40 fin.; 2, 12; 3, 18; Liv. 2, 7, 1:
proximo anno,
Sall. J. 35, 2; Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 208:
in proxumum annum (se) transtulit,
Cic. Mil. 9, 24:
proximo, altero, tertio, denique reliquis consecutis diebus,
id. Phil. 1, 13, 32:
bello tanto majore quam proximo conatu apparatum est,
Liv. 4, 23, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.: IN DIEBVS V. PROXSVMEIS QVIBVS QVISQVE EORVM MAG (istratum) INIERIT, Tab. Bantin. lin. 14; so ib. lin. 12; Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; id. Att. 11, 11, 1:
censor qui proximus ante me fuerat,
id. Sen. 12, 42: die proximi, old abl. form for proximo, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 24, 10, and ap. Non. 153, 11; cf.:
crastinus, pristinus, etc., but proximo a. d. VI. Kal. Octobr.,
recently, last of all, Cic. Att. 18, 5.—
2.
In order of succession, rank, estimation, worth, etc., the next:
summa necessitudo videtur esse honestatis: huic proxima incolumitatis: tertia ac levissima commoditatis,
Cic. Inv. 2, 58, 173:
observat L. Domitium maxime, me habet proximum,
id. Att. 1, 1, 3:
proximos dentes eiciunt,
Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 2:
prima vulnera... Proxima,
Ov. M. 3, 233:
proximos illi tamen occupavit Pallas honores,
Hor. C. 1, 12, 19: proximum est, ut, it follows that, remains that, the next point is: proximum est ergo, ut, opus fuerit classe necne quaeramus, we must next inquire, Cic. Fl. 12, 27:
proximum est, ut doceam, deorum providentiā mundum administrari,
id. N. D. 2, 29, 73.—Of value or quality, the next, most nearly approaching, most like or similar:
id habendum est antiquissimum et deo proximum, quod est optimum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
ficta voluptatis causā sint proxima veris,
Hor. A. P. 338:
proxima Phoebi Versibus ille facit,
Verg. E. 7, 22.— Comp.:
ut quorum abstinentiam interrupi, modum servem et quidem abstinentiae proximiorem,
Sen. Ep. 108, 16.—
3.
In relationship, connection, or resemblance, the nearest, next, most nearly or closely related, next of kin, most like:
AGNATVS PROXIMVS, Fragm. XII. Tabularum: hic illi genere est proximus,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 17:
proximus cognatione,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 144:
id des proximum,
id. Leg. 2, 16, 40:
proxima virtutibus vitia,
Quint. 10, 2, 16:
propinquitate,
Nep. Ages. 1, 3:
proximae necessitudines,
Petr. 116.— Comp.: si quis proximior cognatus nasceretur, Ulp. ap. Prisc. p. 607 P.— Subst.: proxĭmi, ōrum, m., one's nearest relatives, next of kin:
injuriosi sunt in proximos,
Cic. Off. 1, 14, 44; Caes. Fragm. ap. Gell. 5, 13, 6; Phaedr. 5, 1, 16:
cum haec omnia cumulate tuis proximis plana fecero,
i.e. to your friends, intimates, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 64, § 165; id. Pis. 32, 79; Gell. 3, 8, 3.—
b.
In gen., one's neighbor, fellow-man:
sive nostros status, sive proximorum ingenia contemplamur,
Val. Max. 6, 9, 1; Quint. Decl. 2, 59:
quis est mihi proximus?
Aug. in Psa. 118; Serm. 8, 2; 90, 7 init. —
4.
That is nearest at hand, i. e. apt, fit, suitable, convenient, easy (anteand post-class.):
argumentum,
App. Mag. p. 278:
cum obvium proximumque esset dicere, etc.,
Gell. 3, 14, 12: eamus ad me;
ibi proximum est, ubi mutes,
there is the fittest, most convenient place, Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 64.— Adv.: proxĭmē (proxume; comp. proximius, v. below, 2. c.), nearest, very near, next.
1.
Lit., of place, with dat. (not in Cic., rare in Livy):
quam proxime potest hostium castris castra communit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 72 fin.; Liv. 25, 14, 4.—With acc.:
exercitum habere quam proxime hostem,
Cic. Att. 6, 5, 3:
proxime Pompeium sedebam,
id. ib. 1, 14, 3:
proxime Hispaniam Mauri sunt,
Sall. J. 19, 4.—With ab:
a Surā proxime est Philiscum oppidum Parthorum,
Plin. 5, 26, 21, § 89:
omnes tamen quam proxime alter ab altero debent habitare,
Col. 1, 6, 8.—
2.
Trop.
a.
Of time, shortly before or after, last, next:
civitates quae proxime bellum fecerant,
Caes. B. G. 3, 29:
Tito fratre suo censore, qui proximus ante me fuerat,
Cic. Sen. 12, 42; id. Part. 39, 137; Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 3:
cum proxime judices contrahentur,
id. ib. 5, 7, 3.—With acc.:
proxime abstinentiam sumendus est cibus exiguus,
Cels. 3, 2:
proxime solis occasum,
Pall. 9, 8, 5.—
b.
Of order, rank, estimation, condition, etc., next to, next after, next:
proxime et secundum deos homines hominibus maxime utiles esse possunt,
Cic. Off. 2, 3, 1:
me huic tuae virtuti proxime accedere,
id. Fam. 11, 21, 4:
proxime a nobilissimis viris,
Vell. 2, 124, 4; id. 2, 127, 1:
proxime valent cetera lauri genera,
Plin. 23, 8, 80, § 158: utilissimum esse omphacium;
proxime viride,
id. 23, 4, 39, § 79.—With acc.: esse etiam debent proxime hos cari, qui, etc., Cass. ap. Cic. Fam. 12, 13, 2:
proxime morem Romanum,
closely following the Roman method, Liv. 24, 48, 11:
erat res minime certamini navali similis, proxime speciem muros oppugnantium navium,
closely resembling, id. 30, 10.—In this sense also with atque:
proxime atque ille aut aeque,
nearly the same as he, Cic. Fam. 9, 13, 2.—
c.
Very closely, nicely, accurately:
ut proxime utriusque differentiam signem,
Quint. 6, 2, 20 Spald.; cf.:
analogia, quam proxime ex Graeco transferentes in Latinum proportionem vocaverunt,
id. 1, 6, 3. — Comp.:
nonne apertius, proximius, verius?
Min. Fel. Oct. 19.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > proximum
6 bonus

bonus adj. [old duonus], good; as comp. in use melior, ōris cf. μᾶλλον, better; as sup. optimus 2 AP-, OP-, best: vir bonus, morally good, perfect; rarely bonus vir: in virorum bonorum numero haberi, honest: quem voles virum bonum nominato, producam, respectable: bone accusator, honorable: socer eius vir multum bonus est: vir optimus, most worthy: optimus olim Vergilius, H.: iudex, just: imperator, skilful, S.: consul, L.: opifex, H.: pater familias, thrifty, N.: servus, faithful: vir, a good husband, L.: custos, T.: civis, a good citizen.—Of the gods: fata bonique divi, H.: pater optime (Iuppiter), O.: in templo Iovis Optimi Maximi: O di boni, gracious gods: o mihi, Manes, este boni, propitious, V.— Of things, good, of good quality, well-made, useful: scyphi optimi, most artistic: agrum Meliorem nemo habet, more fertile, T.: nummi, current: voltūs, good looks, O.: navigatio, prosperous: tempestas, fine weather: ova suci melioris, fine flavor, H.: aetas, the prime of life: melior sensus, keener: mentem vobis meliorem dari, more sense, T.: bonam deperdere famam, good name, H.: otium, valuable, S.: optimae fabulae: esse meliore condicione, better off: esse spe bonā: meliora responsa, more favorable, L.: amnis Doctus iter melius, less injurious, H.: meliore Tempore dicam, more opportune, H.: librorum Copia, ample, H.: meliorem militem id certamen fecit, L.: vobis eadem quae mihi bona malaque esse, S.: bona bello Cornus, useful, V.: pecori bonus alendo (mons) erat, L.: eloqui copiose melius est quam, etc.: optimum visum est captivos deportare, L.: constituerunt optimum esse domum reverti, Cs.: optumum factu credens exercitum augere, S.: hoc vero optimum, ut is nesciat, etc. — In particular phrases, with venia: bonā veniā, with (your) kind permission, by (your) leave: abs te hoc bonā veniā expeto, T.: oravit bonā veniā Quirites, ne, etc., L.—With pax: cum bonā pace, or bonā pace, without dispute: alteri populo cum bonā pace imperitare, by common consent, L.: omnia bonā pace obtinere, L.— With res: bonae res, comforts, luxury, prosperity: bonis rebus morte privari: omnibus optimis rebus usus est, N.: bonis Rebus agit laetum convivum, in luxury, H.: de bonis rebus in vitā, de malis, of moral good and evil. — With ars: bonae artes, honorable conduct, S.: artis bonae famam quaerere, an honorable achievement, S.: bonarum artium studia, liberal studies: optimarum artium studia, the highest cnlture.—With fides: bona fides or fides bona, good faith, sincerity, fairness: polliceor hoc vobis bonā fide: ego defendi fide optimā, in perfect sincerity: ad fidem bonam pertinere, notum esse, etc., equity: quidquid dare facere oportet ex fide bonā (in a judicial decree).—With pars: melior pars, the better party, party in the right: maior pars (senatūs) meliorem vicit, L.: gratia melioris partis, the optimates, L.: (fuit) meliorum partium, of the aristocracy: bona pars, a large part, good share: bonam magnamque partem ad te attulit, T.: sermonis: hominum, H.: melior pars acta diei, most, V.: in optimam partem accipere, most kindly: in optimam partem cognosci, most favorably. — With mores: boni mores, morality, an upright life: propter eius suavissimos et optimos mores: ex optimo more.—With animus, good spirits: bono animo es, cheer up, T.: hoc animo meliore ferre, more cheerfully, O.: bonum animum habere, L.: bono animo dicere, kindly: bono animo in populum R. videri, friendly, Cs. — With ius: iure optimo, with entire justice, deservedly: quod ei optimo iure contigit. — As subst., of persons, a good man: nec cuique bono mali quidquam evenire potest: Qui meliorem vocet in ius, a better man, H.: da locum melioribus, your betters, T.: apud bonos beneficium conlocare: Fortes creantur fortibus et bonis, H.— Plur, the better classes, aristocracy, rich: meam causam omnes boni susceperant: bonis invidere, S.: comitantibus omnibus bonis, N.: bonorum consuetudo, of gentlemen: boni, my good friends, H.: me consulit, ‘O bone,’ good friend, H.: ‘O bone, ne te Frustreris,’ my good fellow, H.: optimus quisque, every good man, all the good: sua consilia optimo cuique probare: dolor quem optimus quisque suscipit: optimo cuique pereundum erat, all eminent citizens: optimo et nobilissimo cuique oratio gratissima, the patricians: imperium semper ad optumum quemque transfertur, the best man in each case, S.: qui (aditus laudis) semper optimo cuique maxime patuit.—Of things: bonum, a good thing: summum bonum, the chief good, end of being: nihil boni nosti, nothing useful: gaude isto tam excellenti bono: maximum bonum in celeritate ponere, advantage, S.: gratiam bono publico quaerere, by a public service, L. — Prov.: cui bono? for whose advantage?—Plur.: tria genera bonorum, maxima animi: bona tolerare, prosperity, T.: bona mea deripere, my property.—With aequum, fairness, equity: neque bonum atque aequom scire, T.: alqd aequi bonique impetrare: istuc Aequi bonique facio, regard as fair, T.
* * *
I
bona -um, melior -or -us, optimus -a -um ADJ

good, honest, brave, noble, kind, pleasant, right, useful; valid; healthy
II
boni N M

good/moral/honest/brave man; man of honor, gentleman; better/rich people (pl.)

Latin-English dictionary > bonus
7 volō

volō (2d pers. vīs, 3d pers. volt or vult, plur. volumus, voltis or vultis, volunt; vīn for vīsne, T., H.; sīs for sī vīs, T., C., L.), voluī, velle [1 VOL-], to will, wish, want, purpose, be minded, determine: Nolo volo, volo nolo rursum, I won't I will, I will I won't again, T.: Nolunt ubi velis, ubi nolis cupiunt ultro, T.: quis est cui velle non liceat? who is not free to wish?: sed ego hoc ipsum velle miserius esse duco quam, etc., i. e. that very ambition: inest velle in carendo, wanting includes wishing: ait rem seriam Velle agere mecum, T.: quod eas quoque nationes adire volebat, Cs.: si haec relinquere voltis, S.: cuicunque nocere volebat, Vestimenta dabat, H.: quid arbitramini Rheginos merere velle ut Venus illa auferatur? would take for, etc.: Fabula quae posci volt et spectata reponi, i. e. which is meant to be in demand, etc., H.: sed licere, si velint, in Ubiorum finibus considere, Cs.: daret utrum vellet, subclamatum est, L.; cf. volo Dolabellae valde desideranti, non reperio quid, i. e. to dedicate some book: neminem notā strenui aut ignavi militis notasse volui, I have decided to mark no one, etc., L.: Sunt delicta quibus ignovisse velimus, i. e. which should be pardoned, H.: edicta mitti ne quis... coisse aut convenisse causā sacrorum velit, L.; cf. Interdico, ne extulisse extra aedīs puerum usquam velis, T.: Oscula praecipue nulla dedisse velis (i. e. noli dare), O.: nostri... leges et iura tecta esse volue<*>unt: sociis maxime lex consultum esse volt: Id nunc res indicium haec facit, quo pacto factum volueris, shows why you wished it to be done, T.: Hannibal non Capuam neglectam volebat, L.: liberis consultum volumus propter ipsos: scin' quid nunc facere te volo? T.: vim volumus exstingui: qui salvam rem p. vellent esse, L.: si vis me flere, H.: qui se ex his minus timidos existimari volebant, Cs.: si me vivom vis, pater, Ignosce, if you wish me to live, T.: soli sunt qui te salvum velint: regnari tamen omnes volebant, that there should be a king, L.: mihi volo ignosci, I wish to be pardoned: quid vis, nisi ut maneat Phanium? T.: velim ut tibi amicus sit: Ducas volo hodie uxorem, T.: volo etiam exquiras quid Lentulus agat?: nullam ego rem umquam in vitā meā Volui quin, etc., I never had any wish in my life, etc., T.: (dixit) velle Hispaniam, he wanted Spain (as a province): nummos volo, I want the money: si amplius obsidum vellet, dare pollicentur, Cs.: pacem etiam qui vincere possunt, volunt, L.: quorum isti neutrum volunt, acknowledge neither: voluimus quaedam, we aspired to certain things: si plura velim, if I wished for more, H.—With acc. of person, to call for, demand, want, wish, desire: Quis me volt? T.: Centuriones trium cohortium me velle postridie: Sosia, Adesdum, paucis te volo (sc. verbis), I want a few words with you, T.: quam volui nota fit arte meā, she whom I love, O.: illam velle uxorem, to want her for a wife, T.—With acc. of person and thing, to want... of, require... from: Num quid aliud me vis? T.: si quid ille se velit, etc., Cs.—With dat. of person for whom a wish is expressed: Praesidium velle se senectuti suae, wants a guard for his old age, T.: nihil est mali quod illa non filio voluerit, she wished her son every misfortune.—Esp., with bene or male: tibi bene ex animo volo, I heartily wish you well, T.: qui mihi male volunt, my enemies, T. —With causā and gen. of person, to be interested in, be concerned for, be well disposed to: te ipsius causā vehementer omnia velle, heartily wish him all success; cf. qui nostrā causā volunt, our friends. —With subj., in softened expressions of desire or command: ego quae in rem tuam sint, ea velim facias (i. e. fac), T.: eum salvere iubeas velim, please salute him: velim mihi ignoscas, I beg your pardon: haec pro causā meā dicta accipiatis velim, L.: Musa velim memores, etc., H.: de Menedemo vellem verum fuisset, I wish it had been true: vellem equidem idem posse gloriari quod Cyrus, I wish I could, etc.; cf. Tum equidem istuc os tuum inpudens videre nimium vellem! I wish I could have seen, etc., T.: Abiit, vah! rogasse vellem, I wish I had asked him, T.: Et vellem, et fuerat melius, V.: vellem tum tu adesses, I wish you could be present: vellem Idibus Martiis me ad cenam invitasses, I wish you had invited, etc.: de tuis velim ut eo sis animo, quo debes esse: quod faxitis, deos velim fortunare, L.: virum me natum vellem, would I had been born a man, T.: Nunc mihi... Vellem, Maeonide, pectus inesse tuum, O.: Te super aetherias errare licentius auras Haud pater ille velit, etc., i. e. volt, V.: velim scire ecquid de te recordere: sed multitudo ea quid animorum... habeat scire velim, L.: nec velim (imitari, etc.) si possim: trīs eos libros maxime nunc vellem, I would like to have.—In concessive phrases with quam, however, however much: quod illa, quam velit sit potens, numquam impetravisset (i. e. quamvis sit potens), however powerful she may be: exspectate facinus quam voltis improbum, never so wicked: quam volent in conviviis faceti sint.—Parenthet., in the phrase, sī vīs (contracted sīs; colloq.), if you please, if you will: paulum opperirier, Si vis, T.: dic, si vis, de quo disputari velis: addam, si vis, animi, etc., if you will.—To intend, purpose, mean, design, be minded, be about: Puerumque clam voluit exstinguere, T.: hostis hostem occidere volui, L.: at etiam eo negotio M. Catonis splendorem maculare voluerunt, it was their purpose: rem Nolanam in ius dicionemque dare voluerat Poeno, L.: idem istuc, si in vilitate largiri voluisses, derisum tuum beneficium esset, if you had offered to grant the same thing during low prices, etc.: sine me pervenire quo volo, let me come to my point, T.: scripsi, quem ad modum quidem volui, etc., as I intended: ego istos posse vincere scio, velle ne scirem ipsi fecerunt, L.: quae ipsi qui scripserunt voluerunt volgo intellegi, meant to be understood by all.—To try, endeavor, attempt, aim: quas (i. e. magnas res) qui impedire volt, is et infirmus est mollisque naturā, et, etc.: audes Fatidicum fallere velle deum? do you dare attempt? O.: His respondere voluit, non lacessere, meant to answer, not to provoke, T.: quid aliud volui dicere? did I mean to say, T.: ait se velle de illis HS LXXX cognoscere, that he meant, i. e. was about: sed plane quid velit nescio.—To resolve, conclude, determine, require: uti tamen tuo consilio volui, concluded to follow your advice: Siculi... me defensorem calamitatum suarum... esse voluerunt: si a me causam hanc vos (iudices) agi volueritis, if you resolve.—Ellipt.: veremur quidem vos, Romani, et, si ita voltis, etiam timemus, L.: cadentque vocabula, si volet usus (i. e. ea cadere), H.—To be willing, be ready, consent, like, acquiesce: ei laxiorem diem daturos, si venire ad causam dicendam vellet, L.: qui se ait philosophari velle, that he liked philosophizing: Patri dic velle, that you consent (sc. uxorem ducere), T.: cum alter verum audire non volt, refuses: obtinuere ut (tribuni) tribuniciae potestatis virīs salubrīs vellent rei p. esse, to permit the tribunitian power to be useful to the republic, L.: cum P. Attio agebant ne suā pertinaciā omnium fortunas perturbari vellet, Cs.: duodecim tabulae furem interfici inpune voluerunt.—To do voluntarily, act intentionally: si voluit accusare, pietati tribuo; si iussus est, necessitati, if he accused of his own free will: (quaeritur) sitne oratoris risum velle movere, on purpose; cf. tu selige tantum, Me quoque velle velis, anne coactus amem, O.—To be of opinion, imagine, consider, think, mean, pretend, claim, hold, assert, assume: ergo ego, inimicus, si ita voltis, homini, amicus esse rei p. debeo: erat Mars alter, ut isti volunt, L.: isto ipso in genere in quo aliquid posse vis, in which you imagine you have some influence: in hoc homo luteus etiam callidus ac veterator esse volt, pretends to be: est genus hominum qui esse primos se omnium rerum volunt, Nec sunt, T.: si quis—quod illi volunt invidiosius esse—Claudius diceret, L.: voltis, nihil esse in naturā praeter ignem: si tam familiaris erat Clodiae quam tu esse vis, as you say he is: quae ego vellem non esse oratoris, what I claimed to be beyond the orator's province: restat ut omnes unum velint, are of one opinion: bis sumpsit quod voluit, i. e. begged the question.—In interrog. clause with quid, to mean, signify, intend to say, mean to express: sed tamen intellego quid velit: quid tibi vis? what do you mean by all this? T.: pro deum fidem, quid vobis voltis? L.: quid sibi vellet (Caesar)? cur in suas possessiones veniret? Cs.: avaritia senilis quid sibi velit, non intellego, what is the meaning of the phrase: tacitae quid volt sibi noctis imago? O.—With weakened force, as an auxiliary, or in periphrasis, will, shall: illa enim (ars) te, verum si loqui volumus, ornaverat: eius me compotem facere potestis, si meminisse voltis, etc., L.: Vis tu urbem feris praeponere silvis? will you prefer, etc., H.: tu tantum fida sorori Esse velis, i. e. fida sis, O.: si id confiteri velim, tamen istum condemnetis necesse est, if I should acknowledge: si quis velit ita dicere... nihil dicat, chooses to say, etc.: quā re oratos vos omnīs volo Ne, etc., T.: Esse salutatum volt te mea littera primum, O.—Redundant after noli or nolite: nolite, iudices, hunc velle maturius exstingui volnere vestro quam suo fato, do not resolve.—Of expressions of authority, to determine, resolvē, decree, demand, require, enact: utrum populus R. eum (honorem) cui velit, deferat: senatus te voluit mihi nummos dare: exercitūs quos contra se aluerint velle dimitti, Cs.: quid fieri velit praecipit, gives his orders, Cs.: sacra Cereris summā maiores nostri religione confici voluerunt, i. e. established the custom of celebrating: nostri maiores... insui voluerunt in culeum vivos, etc., made a law, that, etc.: Corinthum exstinctum esse voluerunt, should be (and remain) destroyed: volo ut mihi respondeas, I require you to answer: nuntia Romanis, Caelestes ita velle, ut Roma caput terrarum sit, L. —Esp., in the formula of asking a vote upon a law or decree: novos consules ita cum Samnite gerere bellum velitis, ut omnia ante nos bella gesta sunt, L.: plebes sic iussit—quod senatus... censeat, id volumus iubemusque, L.—To choose rather, prefer: a multis (studiis) eligere commodissimum quodque, quam sese uni alicui velle addicere: malae rei quam nullius duces esse volunt, L.
* * *
I
velle, volui, - V

wish, want, prefer; be willing, will
II
volare, volavi, volatus V

fly
III
volonis N M

volunteers (pl.); (in the Second Punic War)

Latin-English dictionary > volō
8 māximus

māximus [1 MAC-].—Of size, large, great, big, high, tall, long, broad, extensive, spacious: fons, S.: aedificium: urbs: solitudines, S.: simulacrum facere maius: oppidum non maximum maximis locis decoravit: aquae magnae fuerunt, inundations, L.: Maior (belua) dimidio, by half, H.: maior videri (Scylla), statelier, V.: Calceus pede maior, too large for, H.: onus parvo corpore maius, H.—Of number or quantity, great, large, abundant, considerable, much: numerus frumenti: copia pabuli, Cs.: maiorem pecuniam polliceri: tibi praeda cedat Maior an illi, i. e. the victor's spoils, H.: populus, V.: tribunorum pars maior, the majority, L.: turba clientium maior, more numerous, H.: maximum pondus auri: Si maiorem feci rem, increased my estate, H.—Of value, great, large, considerable: magni preti servi: ager preti maioris, T.: magna munera et maiora promissa, S.: cuius auctoritas magni habebatur, was highly esteemed, Cs.: qui auctoritatem magni putet, esteems highly: quem tu Non magni pendis, H.: multo maioris vēnire, dearer, Ph.: quorum longe maximi consilia fuerunt, most valuable: haec te semper fecit maxumi, prized most highly, T.: conduxit non magno domum, at no high price: magno illi ea cunctatio stetit, cost him dear, L.—Of force, strong, powerful, vehement, loud: manu magnā euntem Inpulit, V.: magnā voce confiteri: strenitus, H.—Of time, great, long, extended: annum, V.: annum, i. e. the Platonic cycle of the heavens.—Early, high, long past: iam magno natu, aged, N.: magno natu non sufficientibus viribus, through old age, L.: maximo natu filius, N.: maior patria, original, Cu.—Of persons, aged, old, advanced ; only in comp. and sup, elder, eldest: omnes maiores natu, elders, Cs.: maior natu quam Plautus: frater suus maior natu, elder, L.: maximus natu ex iis, the oldest, L.: ex duobus filiis maior, Cs.: Maior Neronum, the elder, H.: (homo) annos natus maior quadraginta, more than forty years old: annos natast sedecim, non maior, T.: non maior annis quinquaginta, L.— Plur m. as subst: maiores, the fathers, ancestors, ancients, men of old: maiores vestri: nostri: more maiorum.—Fig., great, noble, grand, mighty, important, weighty, momentous: rebus maximis gestis: missi magnis de rebus, important business, H.: in agro maiora opera: causa, weighty: omen, significant, V.: spectaculum, impressive, H.: aliquid invadere magnum, enterprise, V.: haud magna memoratu res est, L.—As subst n.: id magnum est, a great thing: magna di curant, parva neglegunt: maiora audere, V.: ad maiora properat oratio: magnum loqui, loftily, H.: Omnia magna loquens, of everything magnificent, H.—Of rank or station, great, high, eminent, powerful: potestas: dignitas: di, Enn. ap. C.: rex Olympi, V.: maximus Ilioneus, V.: maiorum ne quis amicus, one of your great friends, H.: Iuppiter optimus maximus: pontifex maximus, chief: maioribus uti, associate with superiors, H.—Of mind or character, great, elevated, noble, lofty: vir acris animi magnique: magno animo est: vir magnus: Cato magnus habetur, S.: magnus hoc bello Themistocles fuit, N.: invidiā maior, above, H.: maior reprensis, greater than those criticised, H.: nebulo, thorough-paced, T.: fur. —In force or degree, great, severe, strong, intense: morbi: dolor, Cs.: minae: amor, V.: gemitus luctusque: quid potuere maius? more heinous, H.: Mari virtutem in maius celebrare, magnify, S.: his in maius etiam acceptis, L.: incerta in maius vero ferri solent, be exaggerated, L.— Proud, boastful, lofty, assuming: nobis ut res dant sese, ita magni atque humiles sumus, T.: lingua, H.: verba, V.

Latin-English dictionary > māximus
9 Donec eris felix, multos numerabis amicos

• As long as you are fortunate, you will have many friends (when you are successful, everyone wants to be your friend)

Latin Quotes (Latin to English) > Donec eris felix, multos numerabis amicos
10 compraehendo

com-prĕhendo ( conp-; also com-prendo, very freq. in MSS. and edd.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 21. In MSS. also comprae-hendo and compraendo, v. prehendo), di, sum, 3, v. a., to lay hold of something on all sides; to take or catch hold of, seize, grasp, apprehend; to comprehend, comprise (class. in prose and poetry).
I.
Prop.
A.
In gen.:
quid (opus est) manibus, si nihil comprehendendum est?
Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 92:
(vulva) non multo major quam ut manu comprehendatur,
Cels. 4, 1 fin.:
cum (forfex) dentem comprehendere non possit,
id. 7, 12, 1:
mordicus manum eorum (elephantorum),
Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 46:
morsu guttura,
Luc. 4, 727:
nuces modio,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:
naves,
to join one to another, fasten together, Liv. 30, 10, 5; cf.:
oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt,
Cels. 7, 4, 3:
comprehendunt utrumque et orant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 31:
ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago,
Verg. A. 2, 794; cf.
aures,
Tib. 2, 5, 92:
nisi quae validissima (ovis), non comprehendatur (sc. stabulis) hieme,
let none but the strongest be kept in the winter, Col. 7, 3, 15 Schneid.:
naves in flumine Vulturno comprehensae,
assembled together, put under an embargo, Liv. 26, 7, 9; so id. 29, 24, 9; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Calig. 39:
ignem,
to take, catch, Caes. B. G. 5, 43;
and in a reverse constr.: ignis robora comprendit,
Verg. G. 2, 305; cf.:
opera flammā comprehensa,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 43; and:
avidis comprenditur ignibus agger,
Ov. M. 9, 234:
loca vallo,
Front. 2, 11, 7; and absol.:
comprehensa aedificia,
Liv. 26, 27, 3.—
B.
In partic.
1.
To attack, seize upon in a hostile manner, to seize, lay hold of, arrest, catch, apprehend:
aliquem pro moecho Comprehendere et constringere,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 23; 5, 1, 20:
tam capitalem hostem,
Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:
hominem,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14:
nefarios duces,
id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:
Virginium,
Liv. 3, 48, 6; cf. id. 1, 41, 1:
praesidium Punicum,
id. 26, 14, 7:
hunc comprehenderant atque in vincula conjecerant,
Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 5, 25:
in fugā,
id. ib. 5, 21.—Rarely of disease:
comprehensus morbo,
Just. 23, 2, 4; cf.:
comprehensi pestiferā lue,
id. 32, 3, 9.—Of places, to occupy, seize upon:
aliis comprehensis collibus munitiones perfecerunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 46 fin. —
* b.
Of things, to intercept' -epistulas, Just. 20, 5, 12.—
2.
To seize upon one, to apprehend him in any crime:
fures,
Cat. 62, 35.—With inf.: qui interesse concentibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Th. 16, 4, 5.—Hence,
b.
Transf. to the crime:
nefandum adulterium,
to discover, detect it, Cic. Mil. 27, 72:
res ejus indicio,
id. Clu. 16, 47.—
3.
Of plants, to take root; of a graft:
cum comprehendit (surculus),
Varr. R. R. 1, 40 fin.; so,
in gen.,
Col. 3, 5, 1; 5, 6, 18; Pall. Jan. 13, 5.—
4.
Of women, to conceive, become pregnant, = concipere:
si mulier non comprehendit, etc.,
Cels. 5, 21 fin. —
5.
Of a space, to contain, comprise, comprehend, include:
ut nuces integras, quas uno modio comprehendere possis,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:
circuitus ejus triginta et duo stadia comprehendit,
Curt. 6, 6, 24. —
6.
In late medic. lang., of medicines, to combine:
aliquid melle,
Veg. Art. Vet. 6, 27, 1; Scrib. Comp. 88; 227 al.—
7.
Of the range of a missile:
quantum impulsa valet comprehendere lancea nodo,
Sil. 4, 102.—
8.
Of the reach of a surgical instrument:
si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus possit,
Cels. 8, 3 init. —
II.
Trop.
A.
To comprehend by the sense of sight, to perceive, observe, see (very rare):
aliquid visu,
Sil. 3, 408;
and without visu: comprehendere vix litterarum apices,
Gell. 13, 30, 10.—
B.
To comprehend something intellectually, to receive into one's mind, to grasp, perceive, comprehend; with abl.: si quam opinionem jam mentibus vestris comprehendistis: si eam ratio convellet, si oratio labefactabit, etc., if any opinion has already taken root in your mind (the figure taken from the rooting of plants; v. supra, I. B. 3.), Cic. Clu. 2, 6:
omnes animo virtutes,
id. Balb. 1, 3; id. N. D. 3, 25, 64:
animo haec tenemus comprehensa, non sensibus,
id. Ac. 2, 7, 21 sq.:
omnia animis et cogitatione,
id. Fl. 27, 66; cf. id. de Or. 2, 31, 136:
aliquid mente,
id. N. D. 3, 8, 21:
aliquid memoriā,
id. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:
qualis animus sit vacans corpore, intellegere et cogitatione comprehendere,
id. ib. 1, 22, 50:
aliquid certis signis,
Col. 6, 24, 3:
aliquid experimentis assiduis,
Pall. 2, 13, 8.—Without abl.:
esse aliquid, quod conprehendi et percipi posset,
Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 17; 2, 6, 18:
virtutum cognitio confirmat percipi et conprehendi multa posse,
id. ib. 2, 8, 23; 1, 11, 42.—
C.
To comprehend or include in words; to comprise in discourse or in writing, to express, describe, recount, narrate, etc.:
breviter paucis comprendere multa,
Lucr. 6, 1082; cf.:
breviter comprehensa sententia,
Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20; Quint. 9, 3, 91:
comprehendam brevi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 34:
perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia conclusa et comprehensa sint,
id. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:
(Cato) verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem comprehenderat,
id. Att. 12, 21, 1:
ipsa natura circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendit concluditque sententiam,
id. Brut. 8, 34:
in eā (terrā) enim et lapis et harena et cetera ejus generis sunt in nominando comprehensa,
Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 1:
emplastra quoque, quae supra comprehensa sunt,
Cels. 5, 27, 3; so absol.:
ad veterum rerum nostrarum memoriam comprehendendam impulsi sumus,
Cic. Brut. 5, 19:
aliquid dictis,
Ov. M. 13, 160:
quae si comprendere coner,
id. Tr. 5, 2, 27. —
2.
Poet.: aliquid numero, to number, enumerate:
neque enim numero comprendere refert,
Verg. G. 2, 104; Ov. A. A. 2, 447; cf.:
numerum quorum comprendere non est,
id. Tr. 5, 11, 19.—
D.
To comprehend any one in affection, to bind to one's self, to put under obligation, to embrace with kindness (rare;
mostly in Cic.): multos amicitiā, tueri obsequio, etc.,
to have many friends, Cic. Cael. 6, 13:
adulescentem humanitate tuā,
id. Fam. 13, 15, 3:
quod omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per majores suos totam Atinatem praefecturam comprehenderit,
id. Planc. 19. 47.—
E.
To shut in, include (late Lat.):
spiritum in effigiem,
Lact. 4, 8, 9:
elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae,
id. 2, 6, 1.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > compraehendo
11 compraendo

com-prĕhendo ( conp-; also com-prendo, very freq. in MSS. and edd.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 21. In MSS. also comprae-hendo and compraendo, v. prehendo), di, sum, 3, v. a., to lay hold of something on all sides; to take or catch hold of, seize, grasp, apprehend; to comprehend, comprise (class. in prose and poetry).
I.
Prop.
A.
In gen.:
quid (opus est) manibus, si nihil comprehendendum est?
Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 92:
(vulva) non multo major quam ut manu comprehendatur,
Cels. 4, 1 fin.:
cum (forfex) dentem comprehendere non possit,
id. 7, 12, 1:
mordicus manum eorum (elephantorum),
Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 46:
morsu guttura,
Luc. 4, 727:
nuces modio,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:
naves,
to join one to another, fasten together, Liv. 30, 10, 5; cf.:
oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt,
Cels. 7, 4, 3:
comprehendunt utrumque et orant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 31:
ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago,
Verg. A. 2, 794; cf.
aures,
Tib. 2, 5, 92:
nisi quae validissima (ovis), non comprehendatur (sc. stabulis) hieme,
let none but the strongest be kept in the winter, Col. 7, 3, 15 Schneid.:
naves in flumine Vulturno comprehensae,
assembled together, put under an embargo, Liv. 26, 7, 9; so id. 29, 24, 9; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Calig. 39:
ignem,
to take, catch, Caes. B. G. 5, 43;
and in a reverse constr.: ignis robora comprendit,
Verg. G. 2, 305; cf.:
opera flammā comprehensa,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 43; and:
avidis comprenditur ignibus agger,
Ov. M. 9, 234:
loca vallo,
Front. 2, 11, 7; and absol.:
comprehensa aedificia,
Liv. 26, 27, 3.—
B.
In partic.
1.
To attack, seize upon in a hostile manner, to seize, lay hold of, arrest, catch, apprehend:
aliquem pro moecho Comprehendere et constringere,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 23; 5, 1, 20:
tam capitalem hostem,
Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:
hominem,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14:
nefarios duces,
id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:
Virginium,
Liv. 3, 48, 6; cf. id. 1, 41, 1:
praesidium Punicum,
id. 26, 14, 7:
hunc comprehenderant atque in vincula conjecerant,
Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 5, 25:
in fugā,
id. ib. 5, 21.—Rarely of disease:
comprehensus morbo,
Just. 23, 2, 4; cf.:
comprehensi pestiferā lue,
id. 32, 3, 9.—Of places, to occupy, seize upon:
aliis comprehensis collibus munitiones perfecerunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 46 fin. —
* b.
Of things, to intercept' -epistulas, Just. 20, 5, 12.—
2.
To seize upon one, to apprehend him in any crime:
fures,
Cat. 62, 35.—With inf.: qui interesse concentibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Th. 16, 4, 5.—Hence,
b.
Transf. to the crime:
nefandum adulterium,
to discover, detect it, Cic. Mil. 27, 72:
res ejus indicio,
id. Clu. 16, 47.—
3.
Of plants, to take root; of a graft:
cum comprehendit (surculus),
Varr. R. R. 1, 40 fin.; so,
in gen.,
Col. 3, 5, 1; 5, 6, 18; Pall. Jan. 13, 5.—
4.
Of women, to conceive, become pregnant, = concipere:
si mulier non comprehendit, etc.,
Cels. 5, 21 fin. —
5.
Of a space, to contain, comprise, comprehend, include:
ut nuces integras, quas uno modio comprehendere possis,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:
circuitus ejus triginta et duo stadia comprehendit,
Curt. 6, 6, 24. —
6.
In late medic. lang., of medicines, to combine:
aliquid melle,
Veg. Art. Vet. 6, 27, 1; Scrib. Comp. 88; 227 al.—
7.
Of the range of a missile:
quantum impulsa valet comprehendere lancea nodo,
Sil. 4, 102.—
8.
Of the reach of a surgical instrument:
si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus possit,
Cels. 8, 3 init. —
II.
Trop.
A.
To comprehend by the sense of sight, to perceive, observe, see (very rare):
aliquid visu,
Sil. 3, 408;
and without visu: comprehendere vix litterarum apices,
Gell. 13, 30, 10.—
B.
To comprehend something intellectually, to receive into one's mind, to grasp, perceive, comprehend; with abl.: si quam opinionem jam mentibus vestris comprehendistis: si eam ratio convellet, si oratio labefactabit, etc., if any opinion has already taken root in your mind (the figure taken from the rooting of plants; v. supra, I. B. 3.), Cic. Clu. 2, 6:
omnes animo virtutes,
id. Balb. 1, 3; id. N. D. 3, 25, 64:
animo haec tenemus comprehensa, non sensibus,
id. Ac. 2, 7, 21 sq.:
omnia animis et cogitatione,
id. Fl. 27, 66; cf. id. de Or. 2, 31, 136:
aliquid mente,
id. N. D. 3, 8, 21:
aliquid memoriā,
id. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:
qualis animus sit vacans corpore, intellegere et cogitatione comprehendere,
id. ib. 1, 22, 50:
aliquid certis signis,
Col. 6, 24, 3:
aliquid experimentis assiduis,
Pall. 2, 13, 8.—Without abl.:
esse aliquid, quod conprehendi et percipi posset,
Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 17; 2, 6, 18:
virtutum cognitio confirmat percipi et conprehendi multa posse,
id. ib. 2, 8, 23; 1, 11, 42.—
C.
To comprehend or include in words; to comprise in discourse or in writing, to express, describe, recount, narrate, etc.:
breviter paucis comprendere multa,
Lucr. 6, 1082; cf.:
breviter comprehensa sententia,
Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20; Quint. 9, 3, 91:
comprehendam brevi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 34:
perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia conclusa et comprehensa sint,
id. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:
(Cato) verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem comprehenderat,
id. Att. 12, 21, 1:
ipsa natura circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendit concluditque sententiam,
id. Brut. 8, 34:
in eā (terrā) enim et lapis et harena et cetera ejus generis sunt in nominando comprehensa,
Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 1:
emplastra quoque, quae supra comprehensa sunt,
Cels. 5, 27, 3; so absol.:
ad veterum rerum nostrarum memoriam comprehendendam impulsi sumus,
Cic. Brut. 5, 19:
aliquid dictis,
Ov. M. 13, 160:
quae si comprendere coner,
id. Tr. 5, 2, 27. —
2.
Poet.: aliquid numero, to number, enumerate:
neque enim numero comprendere refert,
Verg. G. 2, 104; Ov. A. A. 2, 447; cf.:
numerum quorum comprendere non est,
id. Tr. 5, 11, 19.—
D.
To comprehend any one in affection, to bind to one's self, to put under obligation, to embrace with kindness (rare;
mostly in Cic.): multos amicitiā, tueri obsequio, etc.,
to have many friends, Cic. Cael. 6, 13:
adulescentem humanitate tuā,
id. Fam. 13, 15, 3:
quod omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per majores suos totam Atinatem praefecturam comprehenderit,
id. Planc. 19. 47.—
E.
To shut in, include (late Lat.):
spiritum in effigiem,
Lact. 4, 8, 9:
elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae,
id. 2, 6, 1.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > compraendo
12 comprehendo

com-prĕhendo ( conp-; also com-prendo, very freq. in MSS. and edd.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 21. In MSS. also comprae-hendo and compraendo, v. prehendo), di, sum, 3, v. a., to lay hold of something on all sides; to take or catch hold of, seize, grasp, apprehend; to comprehend, comprise (class. in prose and poetry).
I.
Prop.
A.
In gen.:
quid (opus est) manibus, si nihil comprehendendum est?
Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 92:
(vulva) non multo major quam ut manu comprehendatur,
Cels. 4, 1 fin.:
cum (forfex) dentem comprehendere non possit,
id. 7, 12, 1:
mordicus manum eorum (elephantorum),
Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 46:
morsu guttura,
Luc. 4, 727:
nuces modio,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:
naves,
to join one to another, fasten together, Liv. 30, 10, 5; cf.:
oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt,
Cels. 7, 4, 3:
comprehendunt utrumque et orant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 31:
ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago,
Verg. A. 2, 794; cf.
aures,
Tib. 2, 5, 92:
nisi quae validissima (ovis), non comprehendatur (sc. stabulis) hieme,
let none but the strongest be kept in the winter, Col. 7, 3, 15 Schneid.:
naves in flumine Vulturno comprehensae,
assembled together, put under an embargo, Liv. 26, 7, 9; so id. 29, 24, 9; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Calig. 39:
ignem,
to take, catch, Caes. B. G. 5, 43;
and in a reverse constr.: ignis robora comprendit,
Verg. G. 2, 305; cf.:
opera flammā comprehensa,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 43; and:
avidis comprenditur ignibus agger,
Ov. M. 9, 234:
loca vallo,
Front. 2, 11, 7; and absol.:
comprehensa aedificia,
Liv. 26, 27, 3.—
B.
In partic.
1.
To attack, seize upon in a hostile manner, to seize, lay hold of, arrest, catch, apprehend:
aliquem pro moecho Comprehendere et constringere,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 23; 5, 1, 20:
tam capitalem hostem,
Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:
hominem,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14:
nefarios duces,
id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:
Virginium,
Liv. 3, 48, 6; cf. id. 1, 41, 1:
praesidium Punicum,
id. 26, 14, 7:
hunc comprehenderant atque in vincula conjecerant,
Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 5, 25:
in fugā,
id. ib. 5, 21.—Rarely of disease:
comprehensus morbo,
Just. 23, 2, 4; cf.:
comprehensi pestiferā lue,
id. 32, 3, 9.—Of places, to occupy, seize upon:
aliis comprehensis collibus munitiones perfecerunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 46 fin. —
* b.
Of things, to intercept' -epistulas, Just. 20, 5, 12.—
2.
To seize upon one, to apprehend him in any crime:
fures,
Cat. 62, 35.—With inf.: qui interesse concentibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Th. 16, 4, 5.—Hence,
b.
Transf. to the crime:
nefandum adulterium,
to discover, detect it, Cic. Mil. 27, 72:
res ejus indicio,
id. Clu. 16, 47.—
3.
Of plants, to take root; of a graft:
cum comprehendit (surculus),
Varr. R. R. 1, 40 fin.; so,
in gen.,
Col. 3, 5, 1; 5, 6, 18; Pall. Jan. 13, 5.—
4.
Of women, to conceive, become pregnant, = concipere:
si mulier non comprehendit, etc.,
Cels. 5, 21 fin. —
5.
Of a space, to contain, comprise, comprehend, include:
ut nuces integras, quas uno modio comprehendere possis,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:
circuitus ejus triginta et duo stadia comprehendit,
Curt. 6, 6, 24. —
6.
In late medic. lang., of medicines, to combine:
aliquid melle,
Veg. Art. Vet. 6, 27, 1; Scrib. Comp. 88; 227 al.—
7.
Of the range of a missile:
quantum impulsa valet comprehendere lancea nodo,
Sil. 4, 102.—
8.
Of the reach of a surgical instrument:
si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus possit,
Cels. 8, 3 init. —
II.
Trop.
A.
To comprehend by the sense of sight, to perceive, observe, see (very rare):
aliquid visu,
Sil. 3, 408;
and without visu: comprehendere vix litterarum apices,
Gell. 13, 30, 10.—
B.
To comprehend something intellectually, to receive into one's mind, to grasp, perceive, comprehend; with abl.: si quam opinionem jam mentibus vestris comprehendistis: si eam ratio convellet, si oratio labefactabit, etc., if any opinion has already taken root in your mind (the figure taken from the rooting of plants; v. supra, I. B. 3.), Cic. Clu. 2, 6:
omnes animo virtutes,
id. Balb. 1, 3; id. N. D. 3, 25, 64:
animo haec tenemus comprehensa, non sensibus,
id. Ac. 2, 7, 21 sq.:
omnia animis et cogitatione,
id. Fl. 27, 66; cf. id. de Or. 2, 31, 136:
aliquid mente,
id. N. D. 3, 8, 21:
aliquid memoriā,
id. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:
qualis animus sit vacans corpore, intellegere et cogitatione comprehendere,
id. ib. 1, 22, 50:
aliquid certis signis,
Col. 6, 24, 3:
aliquid experimentis assiduis,
Pall. 2, 13, 8.—Without abl.:
esse aliquid, quod conprehendi et percipi posset,
Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 17; 2, 6, 18:
virtutum cognitio confirmat percipi et conprehendi multa posse,
id. ib. 2, 8, 23; 1, 11, 42.—
C.
To comprehend or include in words; to comprise in discourse or in writing, to express, describe, recount, narrate, etc.:
breviter paucis comprendere multa,
Lucr. 6, 1082; cf.:
breviter comprehensa sententia,
Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20; Quint. 9, 3, 91:
comprehendam brevi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 34:
perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia conclusa et comprehensa sint,
id. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:
(Cato) verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem comprehenderat,
id. Att. 12, 21, 1:
ipsa natura circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendit concluditque sententiam,
id. Brut. 8, 34:
in eā (terrā) enim et lapis et harena et cetera ejus generis sunt in nominando comprehensa,
Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 1:
emplastra quoque, quae supra comprehensa sunt,
Cels. 5, 27, 3; so absol.:
ad veterum rerum nostrarum memoriam comprehendendam impulsi sumus,
Cic. Brut. 5, 19:
aliquid dictis,
Ov. M. 13, 160:
quae si comprendere coner,
id. Tr. 5, 2, 27. —
2.
Poet.: aliquid numero, to number, enumerate:
neque enim numero comprendere refert,
Verg. G. 2, 104; Ov. A. A. 2, 447; cf.:
numerum quorum comprendere non est,
id. Tr. 5, 11, 19.—
D.
To comprehend any one in affection, to bind to one's self, to put under obligation, to embrace with kindness (rare;
mostly in Cic.): multos amicitiā, tueri obsequio, etc.,
to have many friends, Cic. Cael. 6, 13:
adulescentem humanitate tuā,
id. Fam. 13, 15, 3:
quod omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per majores suos totam Atinatem praefecturam comprehenderit,
id. Planc. 19. 47.—
E.
To shut in, include (late Lat.):
spiritum in effigiem,
Lact. 4, 8, 9:
elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae,
id. 2, 6, 1.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > comprehendo
13 conprehendo

com-prĕhendo ( conp-; also com-prendo, very freq. in MSS. and edd.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 21. In MSS. also comprae-hendo and compraendo, v. prehendo), di, sum, 3, v. a., to lay hold of something on all sides; to take or catch hold of, seize, grasp, apprehend; to comprehend, comprise (class. in prose and poetry).
I.
Prop.
A.
In gen.:
quid (opus est) manibus, si nihil comprehendendum est?
Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 92:
(vulva) non multo major quam ut manu comprehendatur,
Cels. 4, 1 fin.:
cum (forfex) dentem comprehendere non possit,
id. 7, 12, 1:
mordicus manum eorum (elephantorum),
Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 46:
morsu guttura,
Luc. 4, 727:
nuces modio,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:
naves,
to join one to another, fasten together, Liv. 30, 10, 5; cf.:
oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt,
Cels. 7, 4, 3:
comprehendunt utrumque et orant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 31:
ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago,
Verg. A. 2, 794; cf.
aures,
Tib. 2, 5, 92:
nisi quae validissima (ovis), non comprehendatur (sc. stabulis) hieme,
let none but the strongest be kept in the winter, Col. 7, 3, 15 Schneid.:
naves in flumine Vulturno comprehensae,
assembled together, put under an embargo, Liv. 26, 7, 9; so id. 29, 24, 9; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Calig. 39:
ignem,
to take, catch, Caes. B. G. 5, 43;
and in a reverse constr.: ignis robora comprendit,
Verg. G. 2, 305; cf.:
opera flammā comprehensa,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 43; and:
avidis comprenditur ignibus agger,
Ov. M. 9, 234:
loca vallo,
Front. 2, 11, 7; and absol.:
comprehensa aedificia,
Liv. 26, 27, 3.—
B.
In partic.
1.
To attack, seize upon in a hostile manner, to seize, lay hold of, arrest, catch, apprehend:
aliquem pro moecho Comprehendere et constringere,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 23; 5, 1, 20:
tam capitalem hostem,
Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:
hominem,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14:
nefarios duces,
id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:
Virginium,
Liv. 3, 48, 6; cf. id. 1, 41, 1:
praesidium Punicum,
id. 26, 14, 7:
hunc comprehenderant atque in vincula conjecerant,
Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 5, 25:
in fugā,
id. ib. 5, 21.—Rarely of disease:
comprehensus morbo,
Just. 23, 2, 4; cf.:
comprehensi pestiferā lue,
id. 32, 3, 9.—Of places, to occupy, seize upon:
aliis comprehensis collibus munitiones perfecerunt,
Caes. B. C. 3, 46 fin. —
* b.
Of things, to intercept' -epistulas, Just. 20, 5, 12.—
2.
To seize upon one, to apprehend him in any crime:
fures,
Cat. 62, 35.—With inf.: qui interesse concentibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Th. 16, 4, 5.—Hence,
b.
Transf. to the crime:
nefandum adulterium,
to discover, detect it, Cic. Mil. 27, 72:
res ejus indicio,
id. Clu. 16, 47.—
3.
Of plants, to take root; of a graft:
cum comprehendit (surculus),
Varr. R. R. 1, 40 fin.; so,
in gen.,
Col. 3, 5, 1; 5, 6, 18; Pall. Jan. 13, 5.—
4.
Of women, to conceive, become pregnant, = concipere:
si mulier non comprehendit, etc.,
Cels. 5, 21 fin. —
5.
Of a space, to contain, comprise, comprehend, include:
ut nuces integras, quas uno modio comprehendere possis,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:
circuitus ejus triginta et duo stadia comprehendit,
Curt. 6, 6, 24. —
6.
In late medic. lang., of medicines, to combine:
aliquid melle,
Veg. Art. Vet. 6, 27, 1; Scrib. Comp. 88; 227 al.—
7.
Of the range of a missile:
quantum impulsa valet comprehendere lancea nodo,
Sil. 4, 102.—
8.
Of the reach of a surgical instrument:
si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus possit,
Cels. 8, 3 init. —
II.
Trop.
A.
To comprehend by the sense of sight, to perceive, observe, see (very rare):
aliquid visu,
Sil. 3, 408;
and without visu: comprehendere vix litterarum apices,
Gell. 13, 30, 10.—
B.
To comprehend something intellectually, to receive into one's mind, to grasp, perceive, comprehend; with abl.: si quam opinionem jam mentibus vestris comprehendistis: si eam ratio convellet, si oratio labefactabit, etc., if any opinion has already taken root in your mind (the figure taken from the rooting of plants; v. supra, I. B. 3.), Cic. Clu. 2, 6:
omnes animo virtutes,
id. Balb. 1, 3; id. N. D. 3, 25, 64:
animo haec tenemus comprehensa, non sensibus,
id. Ac. 2, 7, 21 sq.:
omnia animis et cogitatione,
id. Fl. 27, 66; cf. id. de Or. 2, 31, 136:
aliquid mente,
id. N. D. 3, 8, 21:
aliquid memoriā,
id. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:
qualis animus sit vacans corpore, intellegere et cogitatione comprehendere,
id. ib. 1, 22, 50:
aliquid certis signis,
Col. 6, 24, 3:
aliquid experimentis assiduis,
Pall. 2, 13, 8.—Without abl.:
esse aliquid, quod conprehendi et percipi posset,
Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 17; 2, 6, 18:
virtutum cognitio confirmat percipi et conprehendi multa posse,
id. ib. 2, 8, 23; 1, 11, 42.—
C.
To comprehend or include in words; to comprise in discourse or in writing, to express, describe, recount, narrate, etc.:
breviter paucis comprendere multa,
Lucr. 6, 1082; cf.:
breviter comprehensa sententia,
Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20; Quint. 9, 3, 91:
comprehendam brevi,
Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 34:
perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia conclusa et comprehensa sint,
id. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:
(Cato) verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem comprehenderat,
id. Att. 12, 21, 1:
ipsa natura circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendit concluditque sententiam,
id. Brut. 8, 34:
in eā (terrā) enim et lapis et harena et cetera ejus generis sunt in nominando comprehensa,
Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 1:
emplastra quoque, quae supra comprehensa sunt,
Cels. 5, 27, 3; so absol.:
ad veterum rerum nostrarum memoriam comprehendendam impulsi sumus,
Cic. Brut. 5, 19:
aliquid dictis,
Ov. M. 13, 160:
quae si comprendere coner,
id. Tr. 5, 2, 27. —
2.
Poet.: aliquid numero, to number, enumerate:
neque enim numero comprendere refert,
Verg. G. 2, 104; Ov. A. A. 2, 447; cf.:
numerum quorum comprendere non est,
id. Tr. 5, 11, 19.—
D.
To comprehend any one in affection, to bind to one's self, to put under obligation, to embrace with kindness (rare;
mostly in Cic.): multos amicitiā, tueri obsequio, etc.,
to have many friends, Cic. Cael. 6, 13:
adulescentem humanitate tuā,
id. Fam. 13, 15, 3:
quod omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per majores suos totam Atinatem praefecturam comprehenderit,
id. Planc. 19. 47.—
E.
To shut in, include (late Lat.):
spiritum in effigiem,
Lact. 4, 8, 9:
elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae,
id. 2, 6, 1.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conprehendo
14 nosco

nosco, nōvi, nōtum, 3 (old form, GNOSCO, GNOVI, GNOTVM, acc. to Prisc. p. 569 P.; inf. pass. GNOSCIER, S. C. de Bacch.; cf. GNOTV, cognitu, Paul. ex Fest. p. 96 Müll.: GNOT (contr. for gnovit) oiden, epiginôskei; GNOTV, gnôsin, diagnôsin, Gloss. Labb.—Contr. forms in class. Lat. are nosti, noram, norim. nosse; nomus for novimus: nomus ambo Ulixem, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P., or Trag. v. 199 Vahl.), v. a. [for gnosco, from the root gno; Gr. gignôskô, to begin to know], to get a knowledge of, become acquainted with, come to know a thing (syn.: scio, calleo).
I.
Lit.
1. (α).
Tempp. praes.:
cum igitur, nosce te, dicit, hoc dicit, nosce animum tuum,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 52: Me. Sauream non novi. Li. At nosce sane, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 58; cf.: Ch. Nosce signum. Ni. Novi, id. Bacch. 4, 6, 19; id. Poen. 4, 2, 71:
(Juppiter) nos per gentes alium alia disparat, Hominum qui facta, mores, pietatem et fidem noscamus,
id. Rud. prol. 12; id. Stich. 1, 1, 4:
id esse verum, cuivis facile est noscere,
Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 8:
ut noscere possis quidque,
Lucr. 1, 190; 2, 832; 3, 124; 418; 588; Cic. Rep. 1, 41, 64: deus ille, quem mente noscimus, id. N. D. 1, 14, 37.— Pass.:
EAM (tabulam) FIGIER IOVBEATIS, VBEI FACILVMED GNOSCIER POTISIT, S. C. de Bacch.: forma in tenebris nosci non quita est, Ter Hec. 4, 1, 57 sq.: omnes philosophiae partes tum facile noscuntur, cum, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 1, 4, 9: philosophiae praecepta noscenda, id. Fragm. ap. Lact. 3, 14:
nullique videnda, Voce tamen noscar,
Ov. M. 14, 153:
nec noscitur ulli,
by any one, id. Tr. 1, 5, 29:
noscere provinciam, nosci exercitui,
by the army, Tac. Agr. 5.—
(β).
Temppperf., to have become acquainted with, to have learned, to know:
si me novisti minus,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 47:
Cylindrus ego sum, non nosti nomen meum?
id. Men. 2, 2, 20:
novi rem omnem,
Ter. And. 4, 4, 50:
qui non leges, non instituta... non jura noritis,
Cic. Pis. 13, 30:
plerique neque in rebus humanis quidquam bonum norunt, nisi, etc.,
id. Lael. 21, 79:
quam (virtutem) tu ne de facie quidem nosti,
id. Pis. 32, 81; id. Fin. 2, 22, 71:
si ego hos bene novi,
if I know them well, id. Rosc. Am. 20 fin.: si Caesarem bene novi, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B, 2:
Lepidum pulchre noram,
Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 1:
si tuos digitos novi,
id. Att. 5, 21, 13:
res gestas de libris novisse,
to have learned from books, Lact. 5, 19, 15:
nosse Graece, etc. (late Lat. for scire),
Aug. Serm. 45, 5; 167, 40 al.:
ut ibi esses, ubi nec Pelopidarum—nosti cetera,
Cic. Fam. 7, 28, 2; Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 11.—
2.
To examine, consider:
ad res suas noscendas,
Liv. 10, 20:
imaginem,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 29.—So esp., to take cognizance of as a judge:
quae olim a praetoribus noscebantur,
Tac. A. 12, 60.—
II.
Transf., in the tempp. praes.
A.
In gen., to know, recognize (rare; perh. not in Cic.): hau nosco tuom, I know your ( character, etc.), i. e. I know you no longer, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 44:
nosce imaginem,
id. Ps. 4, 2, 29; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 19:
potesne ex his ut proprium quid noscere?
Hor. S. 2, 7, 89; Tac. H. 1, 90.—
B.
In partic., to acknowledge, allow, admit of a reason or an excuse (in Cic.):
numquam amatoris meretricem oportet causam noscere, Quin, etc.,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 18:
illam partem excusationis... nec nosco, nec probo,
Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 1; cf.:
quod te excusas: ego vero et tuas causas nosco, et, etc.,
id. Att. 11, 7, 4:
atque vereor, ne istam causam nemo noscat,
id. Leg. 1, 4, 11.—
III.
Transf. in tempp. perf.
A.
To be acquainted with, i. e. to practise, possess:
alia vitia non nosse,
Sen. Q. N. 4 praef. § 9.—
B.
In mal. part., to know (in paronomasia), Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 13; id. Pers. 1, 3, 51.—
IV.
(Eccl. Lat.) Of religious knowledge:
non noverant Dominum,
Vulg. Judic. 2, 12; ib. 2 Thess. 1, 8:
Jesum novi, Paulum scio,
I acknowledge, ib. Act. 19, 15.—Hence, nōtus, a, um, P. a., known.
A.
Lit.:
nisi rem tam notam esse omnibus et tam manifestam videres,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, 134:
ejusmodi res ita notas, ita testatas, ita manifestas proferam,
id. ib. 2, 2, 34, §
85: fingi haec putatis, quae patent, quae nota sunt omnibus, quae tenentur?
id. Mil. 28, 76:
noti atque insignes latrones,
id. Phil. 11, 5, 10:
habere omnes philosophiae notos et tractatos locos,
id. Or. 33, 118:
facere aliquid alicui notum,
id. Fam. 5, 12, 7:
tua nobilitas hominibus litteratis est notior, populo obscurior,
id. Mur. 7, 16:
nullus fuit civis Romanus paulo notior, quin, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 2, 19:
vita P. Sullae vobis populoque Romano notissima,
Cic. Sull. 26, 72:
nulli nota domus sua,
Juv. 1, 7.—
(β).
With gen. ( poet.):
notus in fratres animi paterni,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 6: noti operum Telchines. Stat. Th. 2, 274:
notusque fugarum, Vertit terga,
Sil. 17, 148.—
(γ).
With subj.-clause:
notum est, cur, etc.,
Juv. 2, 58.—
(δ).
With inf. ( poet.):
Delius, Trojanos notus semper minuisse labores,
Sil. 12, 331.—
2.
In partic.
a.
Subst.: nōti, acquaintances, friends:
de dignitate M. Caelius notis ac majoribus natu... respondet,
Cic. Cael. 2, 3:
hi suos notos hospitesque quaerebant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 74, 5; Hor. S. 1, 1, 85; Verg. Cir. 259.—
b.
In a bad sense, notorious:
notissimi latronum duces,
Cic. Fam. 10, 14, 1:
integrae Temptator Orion Dianae,
Hor. C. 3, 4, 70; Ov. M. 1, 198:
Clodia, mulier non solum nobilis sed etiam nota,
Cic. Cael. 13, 31; cf. id. Verr. 1, 6, 15:
moechorum notissimus,
Juv. 6, 42.—
B.
Transf., act., knowing, that knows: novi, [p. 1217] notis praedicas, to those that know, Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 39.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > nosco
15 noti

nosco, nōvi, nōtum, 3 (old form, GNOSCO, GNOVI, GNOTVM, acc. to Prisc. p. 569 P.; inf. pass. GNOSCIER, S. C. de Bacch.; cf. GNOTV, cognitu, Paul. ex Fest. p. 96 Müll.: GNOT (contr. for gnovit) oiden, epiginôskei; GNOTV, gnôsin, diagnôsin, Gloss. Labb.—Contr. forms in class. Lat. are nosti, noram, norim. nosse; nomus for novimus: nomus ambo Ulixem, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P., or Trag. v. 199 Vahl.), v. a. [for gnosco, from the root gno; Gr. gignôskô, to begin to know], to get a knowledge of, become acquainted with, come to know a thing (syn.: scio, calleo).
I.
Lit.
1. (α).
Tempp. praes.:
cum igitur, nosce te, dicit, hoc dicit, nosce animum tuum,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 52: Me. Sauream non novi. Li. At nosce sane, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 58; cf.: Ch. Nosce signum. Ni. Novi, id. Bacch. 4, 6, 19; id. Poen. 4, 2, 71:
(Juppiter) nos per gentes alium alia disparat, Hominum qui facta, mores, pietatem et fidem noscamus,
id. Rud. prol. 12; id. Stich. 1, 1, 4:
id esse verum, cuivis facile est noscere,
Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 8:
ut noscere possis quidque,
Lucr. 1, 190; 2, 832; 3, 124; 418; 588; Cic. Rep. 1, 41, 64: deus ille, quem mente noscimus, id. N. D. 1, 14, 37.— Pass.:
EAM (tabulam) FIGIER IOVBEATIS, VBEI FACILVMED GNOSCIER POTISIT, S. C. de Bacch.: forma in tenebris nosci non quita est, Ter Hec. 4, 1, 57 sq.: omnes philosophiae partes tum facile noscuntur, cum, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 1, 4, 9: philosophiae praecepta noscenda, id. Fragm. ap. Lact. 3, 14:
nullique videnda, Voce tamen noscar,
Ov. M. 14, 153:
nec noscitur ulli,
by any one, id. Tr. 1, 5, 29:
noscere provinciam, nosci exercitui,
by the army, Tac. Agr. 5.—
(β).
Temppperf., to have become acquainted with, to have learned, to know:
si me novisti minus,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 47:
Cylindrus ego sum, non nosti nomen meum?
id. Men. 2, 2, 20:
novi rem omnem,
Ter. And. 4, 4, 50:
qui non leges, non instituta... non jura noritis,
Cic. Pis. 13, 30:
plerique neque in rebus humanis quidquam bonum norunt, nisi, etc.,
id. Lael. 21, 79:
quam (virtutem) tu ne de facie quidem nosti,
id. Pis. 32, 81; id. Fin. 2, 22, 71:
si ego hos bene novi,
if I know them well, id. Rosc. Am. 20 fin.: si Caesarem bene novi, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B, 2:
Lepidum pulchre noram,
Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 1:
si tuos digitos novi,
id. Att. 5, 21, 13:
res gestas de libris novisse,
to have learned from books, Lact. 5, 19, 15:
nosse Graece, etc. (late Lat. for scire),
Aug. Serm. 45, 5; 167, 40 al.:
ut ibi esses, ubi nec Pelopidarum—nosti cetera,
Cic. Fam. 7, 28, 2; Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 11.—
2.
To examine, consider:
ad res suas noscendas,
Liv. 10, 20:
imaginem,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 29.—So esp., to take cognizance of as a judge:
quae olim a praetoribus noscebantur,
Tac. A. 12, 60.—
II.
Transf., in the tempp. praes.
A.
In gen., to know, recognize (rare; perh. not in Cic.): hau nosco tuom, I know your ( character, etc.), i. e. I know you no longer, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 44:
nosce imaginem,
id. Ps. 4, 2, 29; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 19:
potesne ex his ut proprium quid noscere?
Hor. S. 2, 7, 89; Tac. H. 1, 90.—
B.
In partic., to acknowledge, allow, admit of a reason or an excuse (in Cic.):
numquam amatoris meretricem oportet causam noscere, Quin, etc.,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 18:
illam partem excusationis... nec nosco, nec probo,
Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 1; cf.:
quod te excusas: ego vero et tuas causas nosco, et, etc.,
id. Att. 11, 7, 4:
atque vereor, ne istam causam nemo noscat,
id. Leg. 1, 4, 11.—
III.
Transf. in tempp. perf.
A.
To be acquainted with, i. e. to practise, possess:
alia vitia non nosse,
Sen. Q. N. 4 praef. § 9.—
B.
In mal. part., to know (in paronomasia), Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 13; id. Pers. 1, 3, 51.—
IV.
(Eccl. Lat.) Of religious knowledge:
non noverant Dominum,
Vulg. Judic. 2, 12; ib. 2 Thess. 1, 8:
Jesum novi, Paulum scio,
I acknowledge, ib. Act. 19, 15.—Hence, nōtus, a, um, P. a., known.
A.
Lit.:
nisi rem tam notam esse omnibus et tam manifestam videres,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, 134:
ejusmodi res ita notas, ita testatas, ita manifestas proferam,
id. ib. 2, 2, 34, §
85: fingi haec putatis, quae patent, quae nota sunt omnibus, quae tenentur?
id. Mil. 28, 76:
noti atque insignes latrones,
id. Phil. 11, 5, 10:
habere omnes philosophiae notos et tractatos locos,
id. Or. 33, 118:
facere aliquid alicui notum,
id. Fam. 5, 12, 7:
tua nobilitas hominibus litteratis est notior, populo obscurior,
id. Mur. 7, 16:
nullus fuit civis Romanus paulo notior, quin, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 2, 19:
vita P. Sullae vobis populoque Romano notissima,
Cic. Sull. 26, 72:
nulli nota domus sua,
Juv. 1, 7.—
(β).
With gen. ( poet.):
notus in fratres animi paterni,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 6: noti operum Telchines. Stat. Th. 2, 274:
notusque fugarum, Vertit terga,
Sil. 17, 148.—
(γ).
With subj.-clause:
notum est, cur, etc.,
Juv. 2, 58.—
(δ).
With inf. ( poet.):
Delius, Trojanos notus semper minuisse labores,
Sil. 12, 331.—
2.
In partic.
a.
Subst.: nōti, acquaintances, friends:
de dignitate M. Caelius notis ac majoribus natu... respondet,
Cic. Cael. 2, 3:
hi suos notos hospitesque quaerebant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 74, 5; Hor. S. 1, 1, 85; Verg. Cir. 259.—
b.
In a bad sense, notorious:
notissimi latronum duces,
Cic. Fam. 10, 14, 1:
integrae Temptator Orion Dianae,
Hor. C. 3, 4, 70; Ov. M. 1, 198:
Clodia, mulier non solum nobilis sed etiam nota,
Cic. Cael. 13, 31; cf. id. Verr. 1, 6, 15:
moechorum notissimus,
Juv. 6, 42.—
B.
Transf., act., knowing, that knows: novi, [p. 1217] notis praedicas, to those that know, Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 39.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > noti

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